A6a - Pendidikan Pancasila & Kewarganegaraan

Bismillah, Assalamualaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh Waalaikumsalam Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh Alhamdulillah, salat wa salam wa ala rasulillah wa ala alihi wa sahbihi wa man walahu wa ba'ad We start our lesson today with Bismillah, Bismillahirrahmanirrahim Please for the second round, the presentation can be displayed later and started to highlight

the task of the group, namely yesterday to make a article about the state of state. Prof. Bar, you can immediately display it for the presentation. Prof. Wan, for the last, Prof. Van, maybe it can be displayed. From where, sir? 6. Antum who displayed the presentation or Ana? From Antum, sir. Okay, okay. Yes, it looks like it.

Yes, maybe we can start as a moderator or a speaker. Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. Waalaikumsalam warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. All praise be to Allah. Alhamdulillah. Wa nash'ar'an la ilaha illallah wa ahdahu wa la sharifika Allah. Wa nash'ar'an na Muhammadin abduhu wa rasuluhu la nabiya ba'dah. Allahumma salli wa sallim wa barik ala nabiyina Muhammadin wa ala alihi wa sahbihi ajma'in.

Alhamdulillah, all praise be to Allah on this happy occasion Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala gives us the pleasure of being able to be in this Zoon room to learn together, taking advantage of the material of our studies. Then, peace be upon you, may you always be loyal to the loyalty of the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him and his family,

to the family and the noble companions to the people who are imams, rotak, and hijrah. We respect Ustad Muhammad Hasbiullah LCMA as a mentor and a lecturer in the field of education of the Islamic State and the family of the Quran. And we respect the students, the students, and the brothers and sisters who are present in this Zoom room.

Before that, let me introduce myself. We are from the second group. I am Irfan as the moderator. Then beside me is Al-Akhfadlan Dizargi as the coordinator. Then Akhferi Merdiansa as the moderator today. Next is Fahmi Al-Fitrah and Akh Fauzan Naufal as the notary.

Next, Al-Akh Ismail Rizkyanto as a materialist. And lastly, Abu Al-Akh Ibnu Ar-Razaki as a PPT designer. God willing, on this occasion, we will present the results of our college studies, the college studies of the Pancasila Education and National Families. There will also be discussions and topics from the second group that will be raised on that occasion.

related to the Constitution and the Constitution as an entity of the Constitution. The discussion and topic will be delivered by Akhfari, may Allah be pleased with him, Akhfari Mardiansa, to shorten the time. I will invite Akhfari Mardiansa to deliver the topic today. Thank you, Mr. Chief.

Irfan has given the presentation to start our material this morning Insha'Allah, Hana Ferry Mariansah will deliver the presentation from the second group which is entitled "Basic Concepts of State Law" Before I explain further what I want to say is that the writing concept of this article

refers to the two basic modules that we have learned in general then we also divide from the sub-discussion in this article to each member of the group Next, I will explain in the first discussion namely the understanding of the state and the constitution The understanding of the state, according to etymology

originating from the Sanskrit language which means "nagari" or "nagara" which means "city" or "governor" then terminologically, "negara" means "organization in a region that has the highest authority and is controlled by its people"

Then, there are several statements of experts in describing the understanding of the state. The first statement from George Jelinek, he said, "The state is an organization of power of a group of people who have settled in a certain region." Then the second statement from Thomas Hobbes,

He said, "The state is a functioning institution that sets the disorder or homo-hominilopus condition or called human being as a commoner in the society." Then the third, a statement from Harold J. Lasky, he said, "The state is a society that is integrated because it has a forceful nature.

and more openly than the individual or group that is the community itself. Then the fourth, the statement of Roger F. Soltong, he said that the understanding of the country is a tool or agency or WW6, an authority that regulates or controls the common issues in the name of the community.

that is some understanding of the country then understanding of the constitution in an etymological way the constitution comes from the Latin language which is constitutio which means the setting or basic arrangement while terminologically the constitution is a set of rules or norms

or basic law, whether written or not written which regulates how a country is formed and run so in general, the constitution can be interpreted as a law or a norm that becomes a rule for a country then the next discussion is how the character, function and element of the country the first, the country has the characteristics

that we must understand, among them, the first state is to have a forceful nature. The state has the right to force someone's will through law. Then, the second, the state also has a monopoly nature, namely the state sets the common goal within the community. Then, the third state nature, namely the totality nature, which means that all the power and regulations of the state

for the whole community. That is a state's nature. Then, the second is the function of the state. The state functions as a security guard. That is, the state has the responsibility to create a peaceful, safe and peaceful environment in its society.

Second, the function of the state is prosperity and prosperity. The state has an important role in providing public services such as education, health, social security, so that prosperity and prosperity are created in the lives of the community. Third, the state also serves as a safety net, that is, the state is responsible for protecting the elements of the state.

which are the people, the region, or the government and the state must protect the elements of the state from threats that arise from the internal and external from a country then the fourth, the state acts as a justifier that is, the state must act justly on the face of the law without discrimination or certain interests

Those are the four functions of a country. Next, an explanation of the elements of a country. A country has elements that must be in a country so that it can be recognized as a country. That is, a country must have a people or population. Then, the second, a country must also have a territory.

Third, the country must have a government that is officially established. Fourth, the ability to make relations with other countries. These are the four elements of a country that must be owned in a country that has been established. That is an explanation of the function of the elements and the authority.

and the nature of the state then the next explanation is the discussion of the role of the state and the role of the constitution for the state the first discussion is the role of the state the state acts as an institution that creates stability social status and security then the state also acts to regulate its citizens

that is to make regulations and legal regulations to limit and direct social behavior. Then the third, the state also plays a role in enabling or enabling in society, for example, the state has the role of enabling its citizens through formal legality such as residence permit, permit or passport.

then the next state role is the country acting as a mediator or constraining the country has a boundary or mediator within the community for greater common interests then the second role of the constitution for the country the first constitution determines the profile of the citizen of the country which means

A country has certain conditions in setting its citizens. Second, the constitution functions as a barometer of the life of a country and the limitation of power. Third, the constitution acts as a foundation of character and national identity. So the country rules over

national identity that we have learned in the previous chapter which applies to the Indonesian language then flag or flag and so on then the role of the fourth constitution for the country which is to ensure the continuity of the nation that is the constitution regulates the state's defense over a long period of time then the next discussion

The Basic Law of 1945, regulates the social, political and cultural aspects in Indonesia. First, the Basic Law regulates the political dimension or the system of government and democracy. First, the Basic Law has the limitation of power and the institution of the country. It has the limitation of power and the limitation of the institution of the country.

Second, the Basic Law also regulates the scope of democracy activities. So, the Basic Law is the basic concept in a country's democracy. Third, the Basic Law is dynamic towards political change. That is the function of the Basic Law

within the political dimension. Then the second, to regulate the social dimension or the relationship between the country and its citizens. The first, the Basic Law must provide the guarantee of rights and the obligation of the assets. Then the second, the Basic Law regulates the reflection of Eastern Social Culture or called collectivism. This collectivism means

where individuals tend to precede the interests of groups over personal interests. That's what collectivism means. Then the third, the basic laws in the social dimension also regulate welfare and social protection. These are three functions of the basic laws in the social dimension. Then the next, the basic laws in the cultural dimension.

or character and identity of the nation First, the Basic Law regulates the legitimacy of the symbol of national identity Second, the Basic Law provides protection, becomes a protection of diversity and the character of the nation Maybe that's what we can convey in this article's summary

If there are any questions, we are welcome to ask or if there are any additional questions, we are welcome to ask other groups to give their answers. We return it to Irfan as moderator. Okay, is that all? Yes, Ustaz. Okay, thank you for your presentation and your words for all of us. For the material itself, the presentation is

good, it's quite clear and also with the right points Ana try to enter the article, the article has been shared in the group, regarding the article there are several entries, the first is maybe because it is worked collectively, so who is the final? So we are all in the group

Okay, maybe because it's done collectively, so the hands are different. Then, you forget to tidy it up. There are some that are not neat, the writing is flat, the right line. So, it really needs the people in the group to finalize the sentence, including the writing of the points. Because here, where is it?

Sometimes there are points, for example, using a small, only one uses a comma, one uses a dot, a that. Small indeed looks very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very

even, right, left, right, left, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right,

and others, or for example the three characteristics of the country, there is compulsion, monopoly, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all, that's all,

So if possible, it can be minimized for points. And then the next one is maybe a technical problem, technical writing. If the sub-bub does not need to be written with all capital letters, for example like the background, it is written that capital is the first letter, the first letter is in each word. Not all of them need to be written in capital letters. In the first sub-bub,

That's the precedence. It's written in page 1 in the first row, then enter the precedence. So page 1, enter the precedence. Likewise, page 2, discuss, enter the discuss. Page 3, enter the conclusion. So don't place it in the same row. Then next, in page 1, if in the article, again, in the article, it's enough with one background, two

The problem formula is 3, the purpose is writing, the purpose is research. There is also a theory basis, it may be later when the context is writing, researching the script. If the script has its own chapter, the theory, the theory study is there. There is a theory study, there is a writing method. So the chapter is 5, if I'm not mistaken.

There are five chapters, one is the preliminary, two are theory studies, three are research methods, and now it depends on the post, chapter four is analysis, chapter five is closing, there are five chapters, but if the article is enough, there are three chapters and the preliminary chapter is only on the background, then the problem formula and also the purpose of the writing, so the basis of the theory is actually not needed to be included.

The appreciation is the adaptation of the problem formula to the writing and the discussion, it's already appropriate. It's the same, so it's not like the problem formula is 3, 3 in the discussion becomes 4. It's wrong, here it's already appropriate, Alhamdulillah, with appreciation for that. And this too, maybe because of the writing, there is a division of each individual,

So, for example, if you write a point, like the reason A, for example, the understanding of the state and constitution If you want to add a point below, write it with numbers If you want to have the next point, write it with letters This is correct, but it's only the second phase of understanding the constitution, on page 5 This is also taken into account, so if possible, if the number is already there, if you make a point after it, make it with letters

so that it is not confusing, but the rest is good then, the problem of frequency has been discussed, if in terms of matter, it is good, but it was reduced to just points, finally in conclusion, the conclusion is also in the form of narration, not in the form of a coin, just divide it in a narrative way, what is the analysis result?

or a summary of what the discussion is, that's it, that's related to the writing, the rest is good, this is the first chapter, it means that it's good, it's already good, it's already been published for some of them, even though not all of them, so

Like the fourth page, in the discussion, the understanding of the state, that's the opinions of people, the opinions of experts. Then where do you get the source? Because there is no source here, such as understanding, from the understanding of the state, from the state's words. Of course, it's not from us, the scholars, but from the source we read. So it must be held accountable, but with what?

by displaying or showing the source of the reference or is it left behind or what? left behind actually sir left behind, that's to enter now I want to ask for the discussion earlier it was explained that the country has a formal nature in other words there is an administration aspect

then more formal and the difference is the same nation if the nation is informal in terms of meaning almost the same only if the country is a formal version then it is also explained about the laws and constitutions now if from the study of the term the difference between the basic laws and constitutions is the difference

Well, maybe if the basic difference is that the law is an official written law to govern a country while the constitution has a broader meaning, it complies with all the rules, whether it is written or not written

So that's the difference between the two. The difference is that the Constitution is more general, it complies with the basic law, which is documented, written, and also the unwritten. If it is not written, it is called a convention. If it is written, it is called a law. That Constitution can be applied to all. So if we draw it, the Constitution is at the top level, then below it it complies with the law and the convention.

All of them are part of the Constitution. Then, it is also interesting about the function of the state that explains the function of orderliness and security. The function of orderliness and security, the state must act as a stabilizer. So in the act of orderliness,

then the state must function as a stabilizer not a provocateur, not for example as an entity that protects a certain group and intimidates another group the role of this state must be balanced

So, to see how conflicts that occur between communities that disrupt the order, the state must perform its function to stabilize the condition. Of course, this must be carried out fully, not only as the responsibility of the President, Delahmanini, who runs his executive, but also

must be carried out well by the Muslim who is below, especially those who directly maintain their order, for example, the military or the police, this is to maintain the security that must be in the future. Then also, it is necessary to pay attention that when we mention a country, do not narrow down the meaning,

The country means the president. No, the president is one of the instruments. The president is one of the instruments. In the concept of politics, if we talk about a country that represents the country, what does it mean? In the concept of political crisis, there are executive, legislative, and unicative offices. So it means led by the president,

Then the legislative of the DPR is the court or the Constitutional Court. It means that it needs to be taken into account. So everything must have a role in this scenario. Because indeed, whether or not it is felt, apart from the dynamics that occur, because it must be related to

political stabilization, related to economic stabilization, economic stabilization, or social stability, which directly affects the citizens of the country, yes, it is indeed the responsibility of who? the executive, right? because as a function, yes, the field executive, but sometimes what is the language? misunderstood by some views of the community, yes

The country is just an executive instrument, even though it is actually a collective work, even though it is done by the executive. But of course, for example, in the process of enacting the law, how are the laws enacted? In the process of enacting the law, how are the laws enacted? So the law is

must be agreed between the DPR and the President if one of them does not agree, then the law is not set up correct, so for example there are laws that want to be made by the President it must be displayed first, the law of this law is first stored to the DPR to be agreed, and the judicative function in this case is the judges

The process is to monitor and monitor whether these laws are in accordance with the constitution or not If it's not in accordance, then these judges have the right to decide whether the law is continued or not

So this becomes a collective task that is carried out by the three instruments earlier, which is to perform the government's function or the function of the state. That's the picture. If anyone else wants to ask, please. Mr. Ustad. Yes, please. Introduce your name, Mr. Aziz, from the first group.

There are four functions of the state. Remember the corruption of PT Timah, TBK yesterday, 271 trillion rupiahs. Which state function failed? And why can the state be helpful?

around 7 years from 2015 to 2022, then the knowledge, that means why it can pass for 7 years earlier, there are 6 types of the Baroque Law Fict. Mr. Fadwan, can the second group be explained? Well, maybe there are two

perspective that we see here why this can not be monitored by the government system first in the regulation of state security especially in the financial regulation we have a corruption prevention commission which monitors the financial system in a government but what is worried here

the people who are fighting there have political interests that arise so that many people who cooperate in the system are not monitored or are not monitored by the Commission for Corruption Prevention. Maybe there are other opinions from friends. So it means entering

the problem of the state function does not occur at what point? at the point of emergency, prosperity, defense, or justice if the trouble was in the conflict of interest, it means, political importance so one of the things that goes into this, the first is the defense function which may be in the rules or in the system of the corruption control commission itself has a problem

then the second is in the function of justice so they have an important policy that regulates the party or their own groups like that okay, nice, Ana Eze added so indeed these corrupt actors are separated from whether they are in the state body or outside it's different, there are different kinds of corrupt actors

they understand the government system very well understand the system of the country, for example in Indonesia so that these corruption practices actually when we talk about who is more responsible, for example, the discussion will be complex because of course there are corruption practices and then it is not ignored, it has been said for how many years? 7 years?

can be indicated, it is indicated to be done collectively, there is such an indication because logically, if it can be carried out well and the terms and conditions are there but cannot control, in other words, cannot reach several elements that exist in the country, then of course it will be easier to be rejected and also easier to be rejected but the problem is that there are some terms and conditions

The corruptor who is in the country has a relationship, there is a political interest, there is an interest, there is an interest policy. This is not one of the reasons why the Marajarelanya is corrupt. Then what we need to understand is that the Balasbudi politics, which is sometimes clear,

for the corrupt, the corrupt people to carry out their mission because there is a political response from Budi earlier, maybe that's from Ana actually about the phenomenon of corruption that is getting harder to handle therefore, when only the corrupt can reach all the elements

to make it easier, then the way that can be done is to work. Corruption eradication must also be done collectively, not just as an answer to one instance or one person. "But Mr. President, it must be like that." It can't be. The president can't work alone. Or become the KPK's answer. Yes, but each one still has its own limitations, each one still has

the ability, the limits of his ability, so it is necessary to make efforts, what is the collective effort from various instances, okay, is there anything else you want to add? please. Maybe earlier the general discussion that you mentioned is the politics of importance or the conflict of importance in a political organization, it can be corruption or corruption cases that

in the long run, it arises from other regulations such as weak rules in a country, then there is abuse of power, then it may arise from light sanctions, then some of them are lenient, maybe it arises from things like that too in a country's rule, because we are discussing the Constitution here.

therefore, the law of seizure of asset rights until now has not been implemented because it was the agnum-agnum that was involved in, we assume, it's impossible that there is a corruptor who wants to carry out his corruptor mission but from the outside it is impossible if he doesn't need the one from the inside but there is actually an agnum-agnum corruptor who is indeed in the inside

This is done collectively, so maybe it's one of the reasons why the right to seize assets is still in place which is true, the factor is not only from the human but also there must be an evaluation from the rules that are fixed according to the constitution

This must be poured into the law and in a strict regulation regarding the problem of corruption in particular. Is there anything else that can be added? What can happen is one of them,

certain Ognum, not because of the negligence of a institution that manages the matter? Actually, back again, if we say it's just Ognum, according to you personally, of course, the existence of this corrupt Ognum activity can be more

because it is influenced by a low level of surveillance, right? when the regulation is carried out well, when the surveillance is carried out to the maximum, of course the corruption index will also decrease, the situation is like that, because there is a reason why the corrupt can be ruined, because the surveillance function is not carried out well by the state, we are not talking about just the president,

so that in this case we can have all the instances related to the government that's the picture okay, the last one, sir the solution is to let the state function run so that the case does not recur, how? you explain it like what, yes the point is this, when in this country

or the leader of the office in this country is obtained from what is called honest politics. When we talk about politics, it is of course difficult to say honest politics, because politics and honesty are for now what is being done in this country. Because politics is sometimes in the abyss. So it's quite, what is the word, to be true. Even though it can happen.

resulted from honest politics and from politics that did not lead to conflict of interest, leading to the so-called political-political conflict, so that those who lead or those who become the leader of the office have no interest in

accommodate the request of others, accommodate these corrupt actors because they don't have a burden, they are responsible for that. Well, there are conflicts of interest, there are political reprisals, that sometimes lowers the function of surveillance carried out by the state. If from your point of view, it's actually like this. You see from the phenomenon that has occurred at this time. Or maybe something else wants to be added.

Maybe there are several aspects of the solution that we can see, Sir. For example, maybe the first one is from the supervision aspect. From the supervision aspect, we can make budgeting budgets so that all the budgets are monitored. That may be from the supervision side. Then from the legal side, it can more tighten the rules.

social or political sanctions, then maybe from the point of view of their income because some of them take rights that are not their rights because they feel that they lack what they get, which is what you know the salaries of the DPR or the salaries of the ministers are easier than the salaries of the private workers

That's what encourages them to take rights that are not theirs This is also good, interesting, the addition from Ana maybe there must be a rule that makes it possible to avoid excessive costs in voter consultation, that's important because it's usually, we're talking about what has happened, generally when there is a consultation

voters, whatever, from the DPR, DPRD, even the President, have a big cost and it's a culture that continues for years so that a stereotype arises that if you want to win, you have to spend money, right? when he has spent a lot of money, whether it's from loans, or from other things, the point is to spend a lot of money and he is chosen, there is a tendency for that

There must be a tendency for that, so one way to minimize the existence of this corruption activity is by suppressing the cost of the campaign, the cost of socialization to society, etc. That is one of the important things, it can lead to prosperity. But sometimes this ratio of prosperity is relative, between one individual and another,

It can be that according to individual A it is enough, according to individual B it is not enough, it is good again to see from the function, if the function is more vital, then the idea is that it must also be given greater prosperity, there is more before we close

Alhamdulillah, it has been explained about the concept of state-of-the-art. Insyaallah, next week, please, group 3. However, there is a possibility that you will be outside next week. Later, you can tell us. Even if you can't attend this week, we will try to shift to normal days or maybe only in the next week. That's it. Because there are activities outside the country. Thank you to group 2 for the explanation.

from the presentation earlier, hopefully we can be useful hopefully with this we can be a good citizen and wiser in dealing with some phenomena or issues especially that are starting to warm up again, that is wiser in argumentation wiser in behavior wiser in evaluation because there is one saying that says

"al-insanu kulla mazada'ilmuhu qolla inqaruhu" Man is the one who increases his knowledge, he must be a little more humble, he must be able to keep his character, he can act more honestly. That's all.

Alhamdulillahirrahmanirrahim. Subhanakallahumma bihamdik. InshaAllah ila ilaha illa atas. Taufiq rukaw wa atubu ilaih. Shukranahu wassalamu alaikum. Wassalamu alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. Waalaikumsalamu alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh.