Rangkuman Materi PPKn Kelas 10 Semester 1

Assalamualaikum warahmatullah wabarakatuh. Meet again with the channel of Mr. Jajubono. This time I will convey the summary of the material of the 10-meter class of PPKN. Before continuing the discussion, support this channel by liking, sharing, and subscribing. Okay, let's follow the discussion.

Chapter 1: The Values of the Pancasila in the Practical Rectification of the Government of the State According to Junduk, that the state power can be divided into three types, namely legislative, executive, and federative powers. Meanwhile, Montesquieu divided the state power into legislative, executive, and judicative powers. This Montesquieu theory is called Trias Politica.

The implementation of the division of power in Indonesia consists of two parts, namely the division of power horizontally and the division of power vertically. The division of power horizontally, namely the division of power according to the functions of certain institutions, such as legislative, executive, and judicial. The division of power vertically is the division of power based on its level, namely the division of power among several levels of government.

The division of power at the level of the central government has undergone a shift after the change of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945. The shift that is meant is the shift in the classification of state power, which generally consists of three types of power, namely legislative, executive and judicial, to six state powers, as listed in the R.I. Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945, namely

1. Constitutional authority, this authority is implemented by the Ministry of Public Security as specified in Article 3, Verse 1 2. Executive authority, this authority is held by the President as specified in Article 4, Verse 1 3. Legislative authority, this authority is held by the DPR as specified in Article 20, Verse 1

4. Judicative authority, this authority is held by the MA and MK, as determined in Article 24, Verse 2 5. Examinative or Inspective authority, this authority is carried out by the BPK, as determined in Article 23, Verse 1 6. Monetary authority, this authority is carried out by Bank Indonesia, as determined in Article 23, Verse D

In fulfilling his duties, the President of the Republic of Indonesia was assisted by a President who was elected together with him through public elections, as well as forming several state ministries led by state ministers. These state ministers were elected and appointed, as well as suspended by the President according to his victory. The existence of the State Minister of the Republic of Indonesia was strictly regulated in Article 17 of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945, which states:

1. The President is assisted by the Ministers 2. The Ministers are elected and appointed by the President 3. Every Minister is involved in certain matters in the government 4. The formation, change, and release of the Ministers are regulated in the law In addition to having the Ministers, the Republic of Indonesia also has a non-ministerial government institution or LPNK, formerly known as a non-departmental government institution.

The existence of the LPNK is regulated by the President's Regulations of the Republic of Indonesia, namely the President's Resolution No. 103 of 2001 on the position, duties, functions, rights, organization, and work order of non-departmental government institutions, such as BIN, BKN, Bulog, BPN, Lemhanas, LIPI, and so on.

Pancasila as a value contains a series of values, namely sovereignty, humanity, unity, democracy, and justice. The fifth value is a complete unity, inseparable from the one goal. Pancasila as a value system includes moral values, virtues, and is a basic value that is often abstract.

Pancasila, which was founded in the opening of the 1945 Udara Dasar, is an Indonesian national land that contains three main values, namely the spiritual, cultural, and institutional dimensions.

The three main values ​​in the opening of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945 must always be considered and considered in the system and process of governing and developing the nation. 2. The provisions of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945 in the life of nations and states. a. The territory of the United Nations of Indonesia.

1. Territory Sea Line The territorial sea line is a line of 12 miles of sea from the basic line to the sea. 2. Continental Basin The continental basin is the geological and morphological basis of the sea. There is also a continental basin line measured from the basic line, which is 200 miles of sea.

3. ZEE is the sea route of 200 miles to the open sea, measured from the basic line. 4. Indonesia's territorial area also has a very important position and role for the Indonesian Republic's territorial area. 5. Indonesia's air area is an air space located on the surface of the territorial and marine areas.

in the extraterritorial region. This extraterritorial region is our country's region which in fact is located in another country. The existence of this region is the offices of diplomatic representatives of the Republic of Indonesia in other countries. The status of Indonesian citizens

The existence of the people who become citizens or citizens of the country, in a constitutional way, is included in Article 26 of the R.I. 1945 Constitution as follows: Article 1: The citizens are indigenous people of Indonesia and other people who are designated by law as citizens. Article 2: The citizens are Indonesian citizens and foreigners living in Indonesia.

3. Things about the citizen and the resident are regulated in the law The citizen of the Republic of Indonesia is regulated in the Law No. 12 of 2006 about the citizen of the Republic of Indonesia. The basic of the citizen of Indonesia: a. Asas ius sanguinis or the basis of descent, namely the citizen of a person is determined based on the descent of the person who is born. b. Asas ius soli, the basis of the region or place of birth.

namely the citizenship of a person based on the place of birth. There is a difference in determining the citizenship in several countries, whether it is the United States or the United States, can create two possible statuses of citizenship of a resident.

a. A patred, that is, a resident who does not have any citizenship b. Bipatred, that is, a resident who has two types of citizenship in turn According to the explanation of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia in 2006, it is stated that Indonesia in the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, according to the following principles: a. Asas ius sanguinis

B. Isolated by the limited number of people C. Single citizen by the limited number of people D. Limited by the limited number of people The usual naturalization is the naturalization process that is proposed by a foreigner with the requirements and procedures that must be followed.

Special naturalization is given to foreigners who have served the Republic of Indonesia or with the country's interests after receiving the consideration of the Republic of Indonesia's People's Representative Council. The causes of the loss of Indonesian citizens are among them: a. Receive other people's rights for their own sake; b. Do not reject or do not release other people's rights;

C. Disappointed to be lost to his countrymen by the President on his own will with the determination of having been 18 years old and living abroad. D. Enter the foreign army dynasty without the permission of the President. E. Enter the foreign country dynasty on his own will, which the office of the dynasty in Indonesia can only be held by Indonesian citizens, etc. Religious independence and trust in Indonesia

Religious Education and Education in Indonesia is adopted by the Basic Law of the Republic of Indonesia in the year 1955 in Article 1 and 2 of Article 1 of Article 1, each person is free to choose their religion and religion, choose education and education, choose employment, choose a country, choose a place to live in the country and leave it and return it.

2. Each person is free to believe, state their thoughts and attitudes according to their hearts. In the article 29 of the Basic Law of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945, Article 2 states that the state guarantees the freedom of every citizen to follow their own religion and to worship according to their religion and beliefs.

Religious diversity that is adopted by the Indonesian people cannot be used as a barrier to strengthen the unity and unity of the nation. This will only happen if the unity of religious people is built, which includes: a. unity of people of the same religion b. unity of people of different religions c. unity of people of different religions with the government The National Security and Defense System of Indonesia

The Defense and Security of the State of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945. The provisions of Article 30 of the R.I. in 1945, confirm that the defense and security of the country of Indonesia is the responsibility of all Indonesian citizens.

In other words, defense and security of the country are not only the responsibility of the TNI and the Polri, but the civilian population is also very responsible for the defense and security of the country. The TNI and the Polri work together with the civilian population to maintain the integrity of the NKRI.

The Basic Law of the Republic of Indonesia in 1955 also provides an illustration that the defense and security of the country is implemented and used by the system of defense and security of the universe or the universal security system

The system of defense and security of this universe is actually all efforts to maintain the defense and security of the country including all of Indonesia, including national resources, national funds and resources, as well as all of the country's resources as one whole and comprehensive organization. The defense of the country does not have to be in the presence of war, but can be realized in other ways such as the following: a. Accompanying in the security of the environment, such as scambling.

B. Can help victims of disasters in the country C. Learn with the help of the National State Department or PPKN D. Follow extracurricular activities such as PASKIBRA, PMR, and PRAMUKA E. Basic military training as required F. Certification as a TNI member G. Certification according to professional qualifications Next, the third material

The Constitution of the Institutions of the State of the Rural Regions of the country in 1955. The political infrastructure is meant as an official political institution in a country and is a political movement that is formally. In other words, the political infrastructure is a government image in broad meaning that is on the institution of the country. The political infrastructure is a group of political forces in the community that actively participate.

These groups can act as informal political actors to contribute to the country's policy. For example, political parties, interest groups, press groups, and political media.

The strengths of the political superstructure that are classified into the Indonesian state institutions are as follows: 1. People's Assembly or PMPR 2. People's Representative Council or DPR 3. Department of State Representative 4. President and Vice President 5. Court of Law 6. Constitutional Court 7. Judicial Commission 8. Financial Investigation Body We can see how

The scheme of institutions in the system of national security according to the Basic Law of the Republic of Indonesia in 1955 1. The Council of the United Nations of Indonesia A. Members of the National Security Agency are from DPR and DPD B. Members of the National Security Agency are 550 members and DPD is 4 times the number of DPD members

Act No. 22, 2003 C. MPR is a state-owned institution in the Indonesian state system, not a state-owned institution D. The task and mission of MPR is to change and implement the Basic Law, appoint a president and/or vice president, and only be able to appoint a president and vice president at the time of his office according to the Basic Law of the R.I. in 1945, according to Article 3, Article 1, Article 2, and Article 3

e. The MPR also has the rights and obligations as regulated in Law No. 22 of 2023 on the arrangement of the MPR, DPR, DPD, and DPRD. 2. The People's Representative Office or DPR. a. The DPR members are elected through the election of Article 19, Article 1 of the Basic Law of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945. b. The function of the DPR is the function of legislation, the function of budget, and the function of regulation. Article 20, Article 1.

c. The right of the DPR members is the right to an interpellation, the right to an inquiry, and the right to state an opinion. Paragraph 20A, Verse 2. d. The right of the DPR members is the right to ask questions, the right to convey the conclusion, the right to an opinion, and the right to immunity. Paragraph 20A, Verse 3.

President A. President and vice president are directly given by the people in one candidate. Article 6A, Verse 1. B. The right to be president is further regulated in the RRI National Constitution in 1945. Article 6, Verse 2. C. The presidency of the RRI National Constitution in 1945. 1. Making laws with the DPR. Article 5, Verse 1 and Article 20. 2. Setting the order of the government. Article 5, Verse 2.

3. Hold the highest authority over land, sea, and air. Article 10 4. Say war, make peace, and make agreements with other countries on the purpose of the DPR. Article 11 5. Say the danger. Article 12 7. Give creation and rehabilitation by observing the measures of the MA. Article 14, Article 1 8. Give amnesty and abolition by observing the measures of the DPR. Article 14, Article 2

9. Give the title, license, and other house signs, Article 15 10. Raise and receive the deputy and consul by observing the consideration of the DPR, Article 13 11. Form a consideration committee that is responsible for giving consideration and advice to the president, Article 16 12. Raise and observe the ministers of the country, Article 17 13. Promote the ABBN, Article 23

The next, the fourth, is the Banking Investigation or BPK. A. BPK is a free and independent institution with a special task to inspect the management and responsibility of the state's finance. Article 23E, paragraph 1. B. The results of the BPK investigation are submitted to the DPR, DPD, and DPRD. Article 23E, paragraph 2. 5. The Court of Appeal or MA

a. MA is a state institution that holds power over a constitution in Indonesia. B. MA brings justice in Indonesia. c. The power of the judiciary is a free power to prevent the execution of the law and justice. The next one is 6. Constitutional Court or MK.

Constitutional Court has the following benefits: 1. Contribute to the first and last steps of the Constitutional Law of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945 2. Decide the Constitutional Law of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945 3. Decide the election of the political party

4. Decide on the election results of Article 24 of Article 1 of the Constitution 5. Give a decision on the DPR's decision on the president's impeachment and the president's autopilot according to the Basic Law of Article 24 of Article 2 of the Constitution 6. The Constitutional Court has 9 members, 3 members of the MA, 3 members of the DPR and 3 members of the presidential election

7. Judicial Commission or KAYE A. KAYE is an independent institution which is formed by the President under the purpose of the DPR, Article 4 of Article 3 B. KAYE is responsible for the implementation of the Nagim Agung and the maintenance and maintenance of the dignity of the entire court and the acts of the judge, Article 4 of Article 1 8. District Representative Office or DPD

A. The DPD is a part of the MPR committee that is elected through the representatives of each province. B. The DPD is a representative of the province. C. The DPD members are in the area of ​​selection during the session, in the place of residence in the State Council of the R.I. D. The DPD is responsible for enforcing the law that relates to the autonomy of the region and that relates to the region. In the good governance of the government, there are three main elements that synergize.

1. Government elements that are believed to handle state administration in a certain order 2. Private elements, business leaders who operate in public service 3. Community or stakeholder elements To implement a good government management system, several requirements are required, including the following:

a. Create efficiency in management in the public sector, among others by introducing company management techniques in the field of state arbitration and decentralizing government arbitration. b. The existence of public accountability, something done by the government must be responsible to the community. c. The availability of law enforcement agencies that comply with the rules of law that support the implementation of good government systems.

Participation of citizens in the political system in Indonesia 1. School education A. Choosing a class leader, an OSIS leader, and an intercurricular organization leader such as the PMK, PPR, PASKIPRA, etc. B. The creation of basic and social services or intercurricular organizations that are followed C. Discussion forum or discussion forum held at school

2. Community protection, a. Citizens forum, b. The selection of the chairperson of the RT, RW, Village head, head of community organization, etc. c. The creation of regulations that are the basic budget and the budget of households for community organizations, cooperatives, RT, RW, LMT, etc. 3. State protection, a. General selection to select legislative and presidential members, b. Direct selection of the head of the region or the legislature, c. Demonstrative action that is peaceful and peaceful.

4. Structural and functional relationships of central and regional governments. The purpose of the desentralization or the autonomy of the state in the context of the state. 1. Desentralization. Desentralization is basically a process of surrender of the majority of the winners and the responsible for the return of the central government to the bodies or institutions of the regional governments.

The purpose is that the matters may change to the region and become responsible for the government of the region. In practice, decentralization as a system of governance of the regional government has several advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of decentralization are as follows: a. The structure of the organization that is decentralized is a legalization of the region to facilitate the management of the central government.

B. Reduce the number of jobs in government centers C. In dealing with very pressing problems, the local government does not need to wait for instructions from the center D. Harmonious relations can be improved and the working environment between the central government and the local government can be more optimized E. Increased efficiency in everything, especially the survival of governments, whether central government or local government F. Can reduce bureaucracy in bad terms because decisions can be made immediately

k for organizations that can benefit from the situation in each place h before the plan can be set in general then at the beginning it can be implemented in a certain part first so that the plan can be changed i risk of losses in the field of employment facilities and organizations can be divided j can be

differences and specializations that are useful for certain interests. K. Psychologically, decentralization can provide satisfaction for the region because of its direct results. There are also weaknesses in decentralization, including the following: A. The size of the government structures that make the government structures more complex, which implies the weakness of coordination. B. The balance and balance between various areas of interest can be more easily disturbed.

C. territorial decentralization to help the population understand the region D. decisions taken require long time because it requires a detailed discussion E. decentralization requires a large and difficult cost to achieve diversity and simplicity 2. regional autonomy According to the RNI Act No. 9/2015 on the second change of the Act No. 23/2015 on regional government, regional autonomy is the right to win and the obligation of the region to

to regulate and manage the affairs of the government and the interests of the people in accordance with the regulations of the law. The Republic of Indonesia as a united state adopts the basis of decentralization in the governance of the government by giving opportunities and expansions to the region to maintain regional autonomy. In the process of regional autonomy, the principles of regional autonomy are real, responsible, and dynamic.

means that autonomy is actually done according to the situation and objective condition in the region B is responsible for autonomy, it is considered dangerous to promote development throughout the entire South China Sea C is dynamic, the implementation of autonomy has always been a means and a guide for better and more advanced B is the position and role of the central government, the central government in the implementation of the development of the region has three functions A service function servicing

Function, the function of service is carried out in order to meet the needs of the community in a non-discriminatory and non-separate way as well as with the same quality. B, Regulating function, this function gives pressure that the regulation is not only to the people but also to the government itself.

C. The function of the government. This function is carried out by the government in the form of public government. The public knows, is aware of themselves, and is able to choose the best alternative to overcome or solve the problems they face. The local government leaves the government's affairs to be its own advantage, except for government affairs that are determined by the law to be the affairs of the government.

The government's affairs, which are the central government's affairs, include foreign policy, security, justice, monetary and fiscal, national, religious and norm. There are several goals given to the central government in the implementation of the regional autonomy, including the general purpose as follows:

a. Increase the quality of life b. Pay attention to the regulation and justice c. Create a democracy d. Respect and respect various values or local and national values i. Pay attention to the potential and diversity of the nation, both at the local and national level c. The position and role of the local government The position of the local government

Indonesia is a country that is divided into provinces and cities. Each province, city, and city has a government that is regulated by law.

The local government is the administrator of the government by the local government and the DPRD according to the basis of autonomy and the task of assistance with the broad principles of autonomy in the system and principles of the state of Indonesia, as stated in the Law of the State of Indonesia in 1945. The local government, provinces, municipalities, and cities have a regional government that its members are elected through general elections.

The administration of the region uses autonomy and assistance. The role of the Autonomous Region is to assist the region to implement government affairs that are more broad and higher in the region.

Several matters that become the main government for the city-states include: a. Planning and control of development b. Planning for the utilization and implementation of space laws c. Preservation of public and community facilities d. Preservation of public facilities e. Management of health sectors e. Preservation of education, etc.

The government of the region and the region's autonomy are implemented in a broad, full and round way, which includes planning, implementation, supervision, control and evaluation of all government aspects. Indicators to determine and show that the implementation of the government is going well can be measured from the following three indicators.

a. Guaranteed development balance in Indonesia, both locally and nationally. b. The government's services are for all Indonesian citizens in a fair and even manner. c. Providing more effective and efficient government services. On the other hand, the measure used to realize the above three indicators, the central government and the region are expected to have the following behaviors:

A Capability B Integrity C Acceptability

acceptance and accountability, trust and responsibility. The Constitution of Indonesia in 1945, Article 18B, Article 1 states that the state recognizes and respects the special or special government or government that is regulated by the law. The law is the law of the R.I. No. 9 of 2015 on the second change of the law No. 23 of 2014 on the management of the region.

or those included with the special government units are the areas that are given special autonomy, namely the special areas of Jakarta and the provinces of Papua or the special areas are the Acah Special Area and the Special Area of Jakarta or Diy. D, structural and functional relations of central government and the area.

Structural, Central Government and the State In the system of the State of Indonesia, there are two ways that can connect Central Government and the State The first way is called decentralization, all functions, duties, and duties of the government are in the Central Government whose actions are done by the way of concentration The second way is known as decentralization, all duties and duties of the government are assigned to the State

Winning the election by deconcentration is done through the delegation of the winning vote to the party below the hierarchy in the region Winning the election by decentralization is done through the delegation of matters to the autonomous region Structurally, the relationship of the central government and the regional government is regulated in the Regulation of Government No. 84 of the year 2000 Based on these conditions, the region is given the opportunity to form institutions that are adapted to the needs of the region

For a clearer picture, the structural relationship can be seen in the following section. The functional relationship of the central government and the local government. Basically, the central government and the local government have mutual mutual relationship. This relationship is based on the vision, mission, purpose, and function of each. The vision and mission of these two institutions, both at the local and national level, is to protect

and give the area freedom to the area to manage and manage its own land based on the conditions and capabilities of the area. The purpose is to serve the people in a fair and equal way in various aspects of life. The functions of the central government and the area are as a service, regulator and community empowerment.

The relationship between the central government and the regional government, provinces, municipalities, and cities, or between the provinces, municipalities, and cities is regulated in the law by paying attention to the specialities and diversity of the region. The relationship between finance, public services, the use of natural resources, and other resources between the central government and the regional government is regulated and implemented in a fair and consistent manner by the law.

The local government in dealing with the government has a relationship with the central government and with other local governments. This relationship includes financial, public services, the use of natural resources and other resources. This relationship and establishes a relationship of literacy and intergovernmental relations. That's all.

Thank you.