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Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh Hello friends, we meet again in the discussion of the material of the Islamic history this time we will discuss the 8th Matrikah of the Sanawiyah or the 1st degree of the material related to the Amrasiyah state building the Islamic civilization before we continue to the material, don't forget to like, comment and subscribe to this video
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Okay, first we will discuss the supporting factors for the formation of the Abasyan dynasty. The first supporting factor is the internal dispute between the Umayyad family and political clashes in the country. The second is the movement of resistance against the Umayyad government carried out by the Mawali group,
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the group of Dahak bin Qois, Ash-Syaimani, and the Shiite group who considered the presence of the power of the caliphate as the right of the descendants of Ali bin Abi Talib and wanted to demand revenge for the murder of Hussein bin Ali in Karbala. The third factor is the division of the Arab group of the North and South. The fourth factor is the disappointment of the scholars and religious figures to the caliph Marwan bin Muhammad, who was considered to have no good attitude towards the state.
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The fifth factor is the death of the Caliph Marwan bin Muhammad, the last Caliph of the Umayyad Dynasty after losing in a battle on the outskirts of Iraq in 132 Hijri or 750 AD.
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The next is the establishment process of the Abbasid dynasty. It is called Abbasid because the founder of the dynasty was the descendant of Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib, namely the Paman Nabi Muhammad. The Abbasid dynasty was in power for a long period of 550 years, starting from 750 to 1258 AD.
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centered in Baghdad and Iraq as the capital of the territory of the rule of the Abbasid rulers, expanding across the West Asia, South Asia, North Africa, and Europe. Ali bin Abdullah, as the prophet's servant, he felt most entitled to be the leader of the Ulaqa al-Rashidin. Ali bin Abdullah propagandized anti-Dawla Maya, he tried to gain the sympathy of the general public by naming his propaganda movements as the Bani Hashim family.
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the ambition of Ali bin Abdullah was then continued by his son Muhammad bin Ali then made the city of Kufah and Khilafat as a basis for anti-government movements Next we will discuss the leaders of the Abbasid State because the rule of the Abbasid State is quite long, about 550 years or
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five and a half centuries then in this five and a half centuries there are 37 holyfah who have been ordained but here we will discuss the first holyfah and the last holyfah the first holyfah is Abu Ambas Asafa while the last holyfah is Al-Musta'asin Billah or Abdullah bin Al-Mustansir Billah for other holyfahs, brothers and sisters
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can share or search in the search engine or search in the book Hold the children, yes, the next is the decline of the Abbasid dynasty, the decline of the Abbasid dynasty consists of two factors, the first is the internal factor, the internal factor itself, the first is caused by the world's poverty, namely excessive love for the world's prosperity,
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The second is the conflict of the Abbasid family which ended in a conflict of power. And the third is the increase of religious conflicts. The last is the weakness of the spirit of patriotism and nationalism. Next there are external factors. The first is the Mongolian military attack on Baghdad.
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which is the capital of the Abbasid dynasty, which was led by Hulagu Khan in 1258 AD. Secondly, there were many conflicts and thirdly, the domination of the Persian Empire. Later we will discuss the developments that were in the Abbasid dynasty itself. The first is the development and the knowledge.
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There are several factors that cause the development of knowledge with pressure in the era of the Amazigh. The first is the assimilation of culture, language, knowledge between Arab and other nations. The second is the movement of the translation of various knowledge from its original language into Arabic. And the third is the establishment of a study center and study called "Baitul Hikmah". Next is the arrangement of government administration.
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In this case, a minister or ministerial minister is appointed to help the caliph in running the government. The minister is assisted by several departments.
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including Diwanul Harith or the State Department, Diwanul Ziman or the State Management Department, Diwanul Jundi, the Department of Defense and Security, Diwanul Akarah, the Department of Labor and Public Works, and the last one is Diwanul Fosail, the Post and Telecommunications Department.
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Second, the establishment of the Rok Isul Kitabah or the State Secretariat that leads the Rok Isul Kitabah or the State Secretariat. In carrying out its duties, the Rok Isul Kitabah is assisted by five katib or secretaries, namely the Rosail Katib, the Jundi Katib, the Koda Katib, and the Surat Katib.
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Next, the administration of the head of the region to guard the region of the territory of the Abbasid dynasty ruled by the governor or Amir. Next, there is also the formation of a court of law.
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Next, we will discuss the development in the political and military fields. The first in the political field is to establish political cooperation with King Frank in some parts of Andalusia or now Spain. And the second is to establish relations with West Africa. The purpose is to increase the strength and power of the Ambasia in Baghdad, Iraq.
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Even though he was a military officer himself, Daulah Abasyah had achieved military professionalism in the first and second periods of his reign. Daulah Abasyah himself was divided into four periods and the highest peak of his military professionalism is in
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First and second periods In the first period, the military policy taken in this period was the effort of the Caliphs to provide a strong and strong government and military base. Second period, this period the policy of the political and military of the Embassy was greatly influenced by the Turks.
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The third period, the emergence of political power from the Shiite-led Banibuwayi and the fourth period, the Prime Minister of the Ambasia was under the control of the Seljuk people.
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Next, we will discuss the development of the economy, the first is the trade sector. Foreign relations, the ambassadorship with other kingdoms has brought about an increase in the welfare of the community and increased the nationality. Basel is an important port as a transit place between the East and the West. In addition, there are also the damascus port and the Kufa port.
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Next, there is the industrial sector. Many cities are built for industrial centers. Basrom City becomes the center of glass and soap industry, Kofah is the textile industry, the clothing industry of the silk industry is located in the city of Damascus, where the silk industry is in Kazakhstan, and Sham becomes the industrial center of ceramic and glass carving. And the last one in the economy,
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Development in the field of economics, there is the agricultural sector. In this agricultural sector, there is canal development, irrigation, and continuous irrigation, which are intended to meet the needs of farmers, which as a result can increase the productivity of farmers and the quality of the harvest. Then there is cultural art.
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There are three arts, the first is the architecture art. Proof of the progress of the architecture art civilization during the reign of Ambasiyah can still be found today from the beauty of the palace-castle buildings, the mosque, the madrasah as the legacy of the reign of Ambasiyah. Then there is the city art. This city art is among those in the six cities of Samarang.
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Bagdad was built in the shape of a boulder so it is called the Boundary City of Al-Mu'tawwarah and surrounded by two large and high wall layers. Meanwhile, Samara, five years after Bagdad, the city of Al-Mu'tasimillah developed. In this city there is a beautiful and grand palace, a city garden, a beautiful garden with flowers and alun-alun. Next there is the architecture art.
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The world of literature achieved its success during the reign of Abbasid. Baghdad is the center of poets and writers, and almost all Abbasid caliphs love literature. Baghdad is famous for a legendary story among Muslims, namely the story of the one thousand and one nights or Al-Falilah wal-Lailah, written by Mubashir ibn Al-Fatih.
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Okay, that's enough of our discussion about the Ambasiyah state this time. Hopefully it's useful. Please forgive me if there is a mistake. Wassalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh.
