Materi PMKR Tune Up Mesin Bensin Konvensional 🛠🛠

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Asalamualaikum, students. In

this lesson on light vehicle engine maintenance, our main topic

is tuning up a conventional gasoline engine

.

Tune up is a job to

standardize all components and

systems on a vehicle to their original state.

Either by tuning or

cleaning.

The purpose of tune-up activities includes

restoring the car's performance

to like new and preventing

various damage to the car. The

work on a conventional gasoline engine tune-up

includes checking the

cooling system, checking the engine lubricating oil

, checking the air filter,

checking the battery, checking the valves,

checking the ignition system and

adjusting the idle speed. The

tune up process begins with

tool preparation. The tools used are a

radiator tester,

compression tester,

vehicle manual, and

keys.

Timing light

tune up tester,

pull scale, spark plug wrench,

advance

filler gauge, hydrometer

and multimeter. The

next step is to install the

protector on the vehicle.

Open the hood and

then install the vehicle protection. The

purpose of installing vehicle protection is

to prevent the paint on the vehicle from being scratched

and the vehicle from getting dirty.

Hey.

The next step is to check the

cooling system.

Don't forget to use the manual.

First, check the coolant level

in the reservoir. Make sure the water level

is between the two lines.

Next, remove the radiator cap and

check the radiator water for possible

oil mixing.

Also check the pressure valve

and vacuum valve on the radiator cap.

Next check the cooling system for leaks

. Select the radiator cap adapter,

then install it properly on the

radiator.

Next, take the radiator pump tester

and attach it to the radiator cap adapter

.

Pump the radiator until the needle

points to 0.9 to 1 bar.

Wait a moment. If the needle

moves down, it means there is a

leak in the cooling system.

Once the leak is repaired, remove the

radiator tester pump by pressing the

air release button and pulling the

hose lock.

Next, check the condition of the fan belt

and the fan belt deflection.

Insert the ruler.

Pull the fan belt with a load of 10 kg and

see the shift or deflection.

Standard fan belt deflection ranges

from 7 mm to 11 mm.

Next is the lubricating oil check.

Pull out the dipstick and clean the tip

with a cotton swab.

Reinsert the dipstick and then lift

the dipstick.

Check the oil level. The oil level should

be above L and below F.

Also check the oil quality by looking at

its color. If it is pitch black,

it means the oil is bad and if it is

white, it means it is mixed with

coolant.

Also check the oil for iron filings or

dissolved grams.

Next check the air filter.

Remove the filter cover.

Then lift the filter.

If the filter is dirty, clean it by

blowing it with water from the inside. The

next step is to check

the battery.

Remove the battery for easier

inspection.

Prioritize the negative terminal when removing

the battery to prevent a

short circuit between the key and the

vehicle body.

Once the battery is removed, check the

battery body for any cracks or

deformation.

Also make sure the terminal is

in good condition.

Next, check the battery electrolyte water level

. The water should be between the

upper and lower lines. Also check the density of the

battery water.

Remove the battery ventilation cover.

Then insert the hydrometer. Press

the hydrometer to measure the density of

water.

The density of standard battery water is 1260

to 1280

kg/m³.

If it is less than the standard, it means the battery

needs to have its voltage increased. And if it

exceeds the standard, it means that the battery water needs to

be added with distilled water.

Next, measure the battery voltage

using a multimeter.

Make sure the needle points to zero.

If it is not yet zero, turn the adjusting screw

until the needle shows zero.

Turn the selector towards DC 50 volts. Then

measure the battery voltage.

Standard battery voltage is between

12.3 and 12.6 volts.

Next, check or adjust the

gap

after the battery is installed. Remove the

air filter holder.

Next, remove the cylinder head

cover bolts, engine ventilation hose, and

throttle cable lock nut.

Also remove the cylinder head cover bolt seal

.

Lift the cylinder head and put it in a

safe place.

Take a 19 key to turn the

crank pullor.

Turn the crank pulley while looking at

the rotor on the distributor.

Point the rotor at spark plug number two to

find the top of cylinder number one.

Also make sure the mark on the crank pullor

shows zero.

At the top position of cylinder 1, the valves that

can be checked or dipped are the exhaust valve of

cylinder 1, the intake valve of cylinder 1, the

intake valve of cylinder 2, and the exhaust valve of cylinder 3.

Use a filler gauge measuring 0.30 to

check the clearance of the exhaust valve and 0.20

for the intake valve.

If the gap is not according to

specifications, make adjustments.

Loosen the lock nut and turn the

adjusting bolt until you feel a touch on the

end of the rocker arm. Then tighten the

lock nut.

Check the gap again. Make sure

the filler is not movable

but is not loose.

Do the same thing on the intake valve of

cylinder 2 and the exhaust valve of cylinder 3.

Next, turn the crankshaft and

position the rotor facing opposite the

spark plug of cylinder 2. The

next step is measuring the

compression pressure. Remove all spark plugs on

each cylinder.

Prepare the compression tester.

Install the distributor cap to

prevent sparks from jumping on the

distributor.

Press the compression pressure gauge.

Ask a friend for help to mainstart the

engine.

Press the accelerator pedal fully

and start the engine for a few moments.

Read the compression measurement results.

Do this on all cylinders. Make sure

that the compression pressure is at

135 psi to 180 psi. And the difference

between cylinders is less than 15 psi.

Next is the ignition system check

.

Measure the spark plug electrode gap. Make sure

the gap is between 0.7 to 1 mm.

Also make sure the color is

brick red.

Also check the condition of the distributor cap.

Also check the resistance of the high voltage cable

.

Don't forget to calibrate the measuring instrument.

Measure all high voltage cables

and ensure the resistance is less than 25

kilos. Next check the platinum gap.

Rotate the crankshaft until the

platinum bearing is at the end of the

distributor shaft side.

Measure the platinum gap using a filler

gauge. The standard platinum gap is 0.40

mm. If necessary, make adjustments.

Loosen the platinum mounting bolts, then

adjust the gap.

Once you feel the gap is right,

tighten the platinum mounting bolts again.

Reinstall the rotor and

distributor cap.

Also install the spark plug cables according to the

ignition sequence.

Reinstall the air filter holder.

Don't forget to tighten the fastening bolts.

Reinstall the filter and

filter cover.

Next is the measurement of the duel angle

to ensure that the platinum gap adjustment

is correct. Direct the

tune up tester selector to the duel measurement position

.

Attach the negative prop to the vehicle ground

and the positive prop to the platinum bolt on the

distributor.

Start the engine and see the measurement results

on the duel tester.

For a 4 cylinder engine the duel angle should

be between 52 and 56 degrees.

Next is the ignition timing measurement

.

Attach the positive terminal to the positive

battery and the negative terminal to the negative

battery.

Attach the prop timing light to the number 1 spark plug wire.

Make sure the arrow points

towards the spark plug. Turn the octane selector to the

middle position.

Remove and close the distributor diaphragm vacuum hose

and start the engine,

point the timing light at the crankshaft

and see the number that aligns with the

mark on the crankshaft. Make sure the

ignition timing is at 3

to 7 degrees before TDC.

Ar again the air adjustment screw to the left and

look for the highest RPM.

After that, set the engine RPM to

around 700 to 800 RPM.

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After all the work is done, tidy up

and clean all the tools.

Don't forget to zero all

measuring instruments.

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