Sejarah Wajib Kelas XI: Lahirnya Kolonialisme dan Imperialisme

My mom said, "Cengkeh has so many benefits." Let's see, do you know which one is cengkeh? If you answer this one, it means you're right. This is what we call cengkeh. Cengkeh has so many uses. The special cengkeh aroma can neutralize the fishy smell of fish or crabs that have a bad aroma.

Therefore, as a seasoning, cengkeh is often used in dishes that are made from goat, goat or seafood. Such as gulai, nasi kebuli, semur, and curry. In fact, some people add cengkeh when cooking nasi uduk. Anyway, this cengkeh makes all the food we eat more fragrant.

Well, it turns out that the use of ginger is not only for food. Ginger can also be used as a herbal medicine. For example, for toothache. Ginger mixed with olive oil can be used as a herbal medicine to reduce toothache. It's quite easy. You just need to apply ginger oil to the place of the toothache. The result is amazing. Because the content of ginger is believed to have an antibiotic that is very effective in killing bacteria.

No wonder, in the past, some countries in Europe were really eager to rule Indonesia. They wanted to take such a weapon, because at that time it was expensive. Well, I'm curious, how did the first prisoners appear in our country? Let's discuss!

In the olden days, around the 15th or 16th century, there were some countries in Europe that came to the archipelago. They were willing to spend months and months to conquer the ocean. The original purpose was not because of ambition to conquer and conquer, but the main purpose was actually trading.

They want to find rare items in the European market, such as spices. Well, spices are found in many countries. But why do they suddenly come to Indonesia? How can they find it? Even though the world is so vast.

In the 15th century, there was a city that had an important role in the world trade. It was called Constantinople. At that time, Constantinople was the capital of Byzantium, one part of the Roman Empire.

He also became the port of Asian trade to Europe. So if you live in Europe and want tea from India, the goods will pass through Constantinople. But one day, Constantinople collapsed. The most advanced city on the Blue Peninsula collapsed after 8 weeks under the command of Muhammad al-Fatih alias Mehmed II.

Constantinople was a special city at that time. It was strategically located because it connected Europe and Asia through the land. Since Constantinople fell, trade distribution in Europe has been closed. So, Europeans who wanted to harvest could not get it at a cheap price. As a result, the price of harvest became high.

The fall of Constantinople turned out to be an important point of human civilization because the impact was felt all over the world. The European nations did not stay still when their resources were looted by Ottoman Turks. They looked for another way to the great mass, the way to the source of the resources themselves. This is where the era of exploration begins.

Because the road was blocked, they finally started to cross the vast ocean. This became a solution for the Europeans to reach Asia. One of the European countries that started the exploration of the ocean was the Portuguese. The journey to Asia was a long journey because it only took a few days for the expedition team to reach the land of the waste.

So, the preparations were no joke. Before landing, the captain would gather his crew, a crew that was ready to die because the journey through the ocean was very dangerous. Besides the crew, they prepared food and all the equipment they needed for the long journey. One of them was the compass, one of the important technological discoveries at that time. Because of this compass, they could reach the right destination.

Ocean exploration is done over and over again by the European people. From the results of their years of experience, they find many places that are new to them. Some go to America, Australia, India, and finally some also hang out in the archipelago.

The first country to find the archipelago was the Portuguese. In early July 1511, the Portuguese found the Indian mainland for the first time. And a month later, they besieged and plundered the people of Malacca. A little off the island of Sumatra.

From that time, they controlled the spices in the island. After the first spices from the island were brought back to Europe, many were inspired to do the same exploration. Finally, the island became a reference for Europeans to buy spices and meet their needs.

Well, because humans are never satisfied, the spices that they have mastered in the Malacca lands are not enough. The Europeans then came to other islands in the archipelago and they started to conquer their places one by one. This is where colonialism began.

The colonization of European nations over the people of the archipelago is classified as colonialism and imperialism. The word colonialism itself comes from the word "koloni". Koloni in Latin means "pemukiman". If colonialism is the effort of the ruling countries in order to rule a region or region to get natural resources.

They would make settlements in the new land and slowly seize existing resources. Colonialism is usually done by countries with strong military power. At that time, the powerful countries were Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch, and British.

These countries managed to dominate other countries, including the people in the archipelago, because they have much better military and technology than the people they colonized. Oh yes, another term that is similar to colonialism is imperialism. The word imperialism comes from the word imperator, which means to govern.

Imperialism is the effort of a country to rule another country so that it can benefit from the country it is ruled by. Imperialism has existed since the 19th century. In the beginning, the concept of imperialism was instigated by Benjamin Disraeli, the then Prime Minister of England.

Well, there are two types of imperialism. The first is imperialism based on time. And the second is imperialism based on purpose. If based on time, imperialism is divided into two types. Ancient imperialism and modern imperialism. Ancient imperialism happened before the industrial revolution in England. At that time, countries did imperialism because they were motivated by 3G.

Not a 3G signal, but what 3G means is gold, gospel, or the desire to spread the religion of Nazareth, and glory or success as a result of winning the war. Well, in modern imperialism, the motivations are different. Countries that carry out modern imperialism are pushed by economic factors and industrial needs. For example, a country will rule over another country so that it can use the oil in the country.

Apart from time, imperialism is also divided according to its purpose. There are four major groups and the first is political imperialism. Here, the country is pushed because it wants to control the political life of a country.

Second, there is economic imperialism, where a country tries to dominate the economy of another country. Then, there is cultural imperialism. Here, a country tries to dominate the values ​​of other countries' cultures. And lastly, there is military imperialism, where a country wants to dominate other countries' territories that are strategic in strengthening the defense of those countries.

All of these modern imperialism purposes are only to benefit their own country in the future.

Okay, friends. Today we have learned about how the colonizers can get to our homeland. More precisely, we learned about the beginning of colonialism and imperialism. It all started because the European nation was looking for ways to obtain the resources they needed in their daily lives. Well, besides that, we also learned about the understanding of colonialism and imperialism. And finally, the types of imperialism that have existed throughout our history.

So, if you want to review the material that we have learned today, you can click the timestamp below. Good luck and see you in the next video. Bye!