🔴🌳La Hora Ambiental 🌱 10 de Julio de 2026

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Hola, ¿qué tal? Muy buenas tardes. Me da muchísimo gusto saludarlos como todos los viernes en una emisión más de la hora ambiental. Yo soy Aurora Mendiola, directora de Relaciones Públicas de Producción y Medios de aquí del Instituto Mexicano de Fauna, Flora y Sustentabilidad Social. A nombre de Juan Jorge Aviles Ortega, les doy la más cordial de las bienvenidas. Y bueno, también agradecerle aquí a mi productora Sandy, que pues es quien nos ayuda muchísimo en la producción de este programa.

And you know, like every Friday, we have a lot of notes, we have a lot of interviews, all in relation to the care of the environment, the care of animals, environmental education, which is our main objective, that all those who are watching us, we create awareness in everything related to our planet, with our environment, especially also with our animals.

with all the nature that we need a lot of education, which we will talk about in a little while. And well, as you know, today, the interview with my dear teacher Fabián Carballo, who is the president of the REMPA, the Mexican Network of Environmental Journalists, who is going to talk to us today about...

of eco-poetics and eco-centrism with his guest Sebastián Miranda Brenes, who is the founder of the Fractal Environmental Educational Platform. So, for him to stay with us, he knows what it's about and as I was saying, we need a lot of environmental education, a lot of education in relation to animals,

and a lot of dissemination. So please share the program, share the broadcast, share everything we transmit, precisely so that more people can help us to take care of the environment. And on behalf of Voluntarios Informados, with our beloved Sandra Reyes, she is going to give us an invitation. You see that she always sends us to very beautiful places, always to exhibitions,

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que pues al ratito nos van a platicar de qué se trata esto, que seguramente va a ser súper interesante como todas, todas las entrevistas que les tenemos. Y bueno, al ratito les voy a comentar de las notas ambientales que también tenemos, que por ahí me encantan dos notas que yo estoy feliz de la vida. Ahorita se las vamos a platicar.

But I'm also very happy because I want to invite you for the next weekend, which you know we also have here environmental education workshops. So if you like plants, you like violets, you can't miss our next workshop that we're going to have next Saturday in the facilities of our headquarters here by the Villa de Cortés metro, very close to the Villa de Cortés metro, you already know.

a 50 metros estamos, puede traer, bueno, puede venir, está al 2x1, entonces puede traer a un amigo, amiga, su mamá, su papá, su primo, su prima, quien usted quiera, tráigaselo para este taller bien bonito de violetas. Y el domingo vamos a tener

El otro taller que es de hospital de orquídeas, también esta planta que, bueno, a la gente les encanta este taller, entonces también vamos a tener este taller. Este va a ser en Cuemanco la próxima semana. Ya sabe que nosotros le proporcionamos todo el material, todos los insumos, las plantitas. Nada más usted lo que tiene que hacer es

enter our link, register, make your recovery quota, and we give you the material. You just have to take the pen and the desire so that you can learn, rather want to learn, can take care of your plants, know what substrates to use, know what light to use, because many times they give us a plant and we think that already with putting it there next to the window, by magic, it will

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Well, you know that science doesn't stop, nor does technology, because an artificial placenta prototype for extreme premature babies manages to keep a fetus of sheep alive for 21 days. A project by the Clinics Hospital and Sant Joan de Barcelona rehearses a device that recreates the uterine bag to house babies born with less than 26 weeks of gestation.

Un equipo de investigadores españoles ha logrado un avance que puede marcar un antes y un después en el tratamiento de la prematuridad extrema. Tras más de cinco años de trabajo, han conseguido que una placenta artificial mantenga con vida durante 21 días a un feto prematuro en un modelo experimental, un tiempo que supone el mejor resultado obtenido hasta ahora por este proyecto.

El sistema desarrollado por bici natal reproduce las condiciones del útero materno para que el feto continúe desarrollándose fuera del vientre de la madre. A diferencia de una incubadora convencional, el feto permanece en un entorno líquido y recibe oxígeno y nutrientes a través del cordón umbilical mediante un circuito que imita el funcionamiento de la placenta.

Los investigadores también han comprobado que es posible completar con éxito el paso desde este dispositivo a una incubadora convencional. Uno de los casos analizados es de una oveja bautizada como Gaia. Ha permitido seguir la evolución del animal durante más de un año tras abandonar la placenta artificial.

According to the scientific team, their neurological development has been normal. The project intends to offer a new alternative for babies born with 24 weeks of pregnancy or even before. In these cases, the immaturity of organs such as the lungs or the brain causes the risk of death and suffering severe sequelae to continue to be very high despite the advances in neonatology.

Although the research continues in the experimental phase and has not yet been tested in humans, the results bring this technology closer to a future clinical application. Before that, scientists must continue to validate its safety and effectiveness.

The research, called Fetalife, is led by Dr. Eduard Gratakos and is developed in the Fetal and Neonatal Medicine Center, linked to the Clínic Hospital of Barcelona, the Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and the University of Barcelona.

El proyecto ha contado con una financiación de 7.65 millones de euros de la Fundación La Caixa y dispone de un comité específico que evalúa los aspectos éticos y seguridad de una tecnología llamada a cambiar el tratamiento de la prematuridad más extrema.

China has planted 66 billion trees in the desert. The surprising thing is that they grow faster than in the forest. The Great Green Wall of China was born in 1978 when the government of the nation implemented the windbreak program of the three northern regions.

Su objetivo principal era frenar el rápido avance del desierto de Gobi y con ello detenerla cada vez más frecuente y asfixiantes tormentas de arena y proteger las tierras agrícolas de la desertificación.

Se estima que hasta la fecha se han plantado 66 mil millones de árboles en un espacio que ya ocupa más de 4,480 kilómetros de área, formando una especie de cinturón o barrera alrededor de uno de los lugares más inhóspitos del planeta. Por fuera poco, se prevé la adición de un nuevo sistema de plantación.

de otros 34 mil millones en los próximos años. Ahora, un exhaustivo análisis internacional coordinado por la Universidad de Pekín revela un fenómeno botánico sin precedentes en las masivas reforestaciones del gigante asiático.

The scientific team led by the landscape ecologist Yu-Hang Lu has discovered that artificial-sown arboreal specimens grow at a substantially higher speed than those belonging to native forest ecosystems. This finding provides a crucial perspective for optimizing future global mitigation strategies against climate change.

Los investigadores encargados del manuscrito utilizaron datos satelitales con el objetivo de monitorizar el índice de área foliar.

a key indicator for evaluating the density of the docile and the absorption of carbon in the atmosphere. The final results showed a truly surprising divergence, because the plant surfaces planted by human action expanded their leaf mass 66% faster than those areas that develop in a wild way.

La mayor parte de esta marcada disparidad responde a que las masas forestales artificiales son notablemente más jóvenes que las nativas, asumiendo que los ejemplares de menor edad disfrutan de ritmos de desarrollo biológico superiores.

No obstante, al emparejar formaciones vegetales de idéntica madurez cronológica y bajo las mismas condiciones ambientales, los bosques sembrados mantuvieron una ventaja superior del 4.6% en su ritmo de expansión vegetal.

una diferencia que se acentuó de forma clara en los entornos mixtos y perenifolios. Este comportamiento singular se deriva del modelo de gestión humana aplicada directamente sobre el terreno, ya que habitualmente se seleccionan especies de rápido progreso biológico como el eucalipto y el chopo. Las labores de mantenimiento eliminan activamente la vegetación competidora e incluso aportan nutrientes específicos al suelo,

lo que reduce drásticamente la disputa por la luz solar y los recursos hídricos en el desierto de Gobi y en el desierto de Taclamacán.

Y si usted se la pasa sentado mucho tiempo, esta nota le va a interesar muchísimo. Pues fíjense que coinciden los expertos de que cada hora sentado en la oficina aumenta un 10% el riesgo de morir de cáncer. Un estudio de la Universidad de Glasgow en el Reino Unido ha asociado los periodos de inactividad prolongada con mayor riesgo de cáncer y en concreto ha apuntado que cada hora continúa aumentando.

que cada hora continua de sedentarismo diario puede aumentar el riesgo de muerte por cáncer en un 10%. El equipo de investigación que ha publicado sus resultados en PLOS Medicine analizó los datos de dispositivos portátiles usados por más de 91,192 participantes del Biobanco del Reino Unido, a quienes se les realizó un seguimiento durante un promedio de 12 años. Los

Los datos obtenidos aportan más evidencia sobre las consecuencias negativas para la salud de los periodos prolongados de sedentarismo diario, pero también demuestran que este riesgo podría mitigarse sustituyendo estos largos periodos de sedentarismo con actividad física.

En concreto, los investigadores han descubierto que el riesgo de muerte por cáncer era un 12% menor cuando se sustituía una hora diaria de sedentarismo por actividad física ligera, como caminar despacio o realizar tareas domésticas como planchar o lavar los platos. En concreto, los investigadores han descubierto que el riesgo de muerte por cáncer era un 12% menor cuando se sustituía una hora diaria de sedentarismo por actividad física ligera, como caminar despacio o realizar tareas domésticas como planchar o lavar los platos.

A su vez, el riesgo de muerte por cáncer también se redujo un 8% cuando se sustituyeron 30 minutos de inactividad por actividad física moderada diaria, como caminar a un paso normal. Reemplazar 5 minutos de sedentarismo por actividad física intensa se asoció con una reducción del 22% en el riesgo de muerte por cáncer.

Nuestros datos demuestran que estar sentado durante más de 30 minutos seguidos está particularmente relacionado con un mayor riesgo de cáncer. La buena noticia es que interrumpir el tiempo que pasamos sentados con algo tan sencillo como un breve paseo podría ser protector. Ha resaltado el autor principal de este estudio, Frederick Hu.

And well, what do I tell you about these wonderful animals that have already returned to Mexico, military and rescue dogs after the double earthquake in Venezuela.

¿A cuántas personas salvaron? Pues aquí les vamos a platicar. Luego de varios días de intensas labores de emergencia, los rescatistas mexicanos y sus binomios caninos, Orly, Balam y Kenai, por fin regresaron al país tras participar en el operativo desplegado en Venezuela, donde apoyaron en la búsqueda de sobrevivientes y atención de las zonas afectadas por un doble terremoto.

The elements of the Mexican Army, along with dogs specialized in search and rescue, traveled to the South American country to join the localization work of people trapped among the rubble. As part of the rescue operation, the Mexican teams managed to rescue two people who remained trapped under the rubble after the telluric movements.

In addition to successful rescues, Mexican elements participated in the location and recovery of victims as part of efforts to support the affected communities. Mexican canine binomials played a very important and essential role during the emergency, thanks to their specialized training to detect people in areas

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And well, do you remember Arcadas? This dog rescuer of the German shepherd breed donated to Mexico by the government of Turkey in 2023, let's remember, for these devastating earthquakes and in honor of Proteo, this heroic Mexican rescue dog that died during the auxiliary work in the Turkish territory. Do you remember that Arcadas gave us? Well, this time I have another news for you. Venezuela

va a regalar una perrita, bueno, más bien ya regaló una perrita a México en agradecimiento por el apoyo que le dimos tras los sismos. El gobierno de Venezuela entregó esta perrita al gobierno de México como muestra de agradecimiento por la labor del Agrupamiento de Ayuda Humanitaria, YUMARE, integrado por personal de las Fuerzas Armadas tras los sismos registrados el pasado 24 de junio en ese país.

During the act, the dogs Sol and Sara were also delivered, who will travel to Mexico together with their drivers to receive specialized training. The two canine binomios will be trained at the Military Police Center of the National Defense Secretary from August to December 2026, in search, location and rescue of people in collapsed structures.

The ceremony was held on July 8th in Caracas and was headed by the president in charge of Venezuela, Delsi Eloina Rodríguez Gómez, accompanied by the Mexican ambassador in that country. The general brigadier of the state major Alejandro Gómez Vargas, commander of the YUMARE group, received three copies of the Belgian Malinois breed.

La perrita fue donada al gobierno de México como símbolo de gratitud, fraternidad y la cooperación entre ambas naciones, fortaleciendo los lazos bilaterales construidos a través de las misiones de ayuda humanitaria. Vean qué hermosa perrita, la amo.

Durante la ceremonia también se anunció que la Dirección Nacional de Protección Civil de Venezuela solicitó al Ejército Mexicano la capacitación especializada de dos manejadores caninos venezolanos, quienes viajarán a México junto con sus perritos, Sol y Sara, al regreso del agrupamiento Yumare.

Los perros, como ya comentábamos, serán entrenados de agosto a diciembre en el Centro de Adiestramiento de la Policía Militar de la Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional, donde recibirán formación en búsqueda, localización y rescate de personas atrapadas en estructuras colapsadas, una de las especialidades en las que el Ejército Mexicano cuenta con reconocimiento nacional e internacional.

With the donation of the dog and the admonition of these binomials, Mexico and Venezuela refute their cooperation in humanitarian aid and strengthen the bonds of friendship and collaboration between both countries.

Bueno, y este es un gran, gran ejemplo de que debemos de cuidar a todos nuestros, pues todos nuestros animales, a nuestras mascotas, a nuestros perritos, y principalmente yo quiero comentar algo que no lo voy, no voy a ahondar mucho en este tema, pero sí todos los que tenemos la,

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Pues aquí vemos que los perritos son de suma importancia para las personas. Nos ayudan, rescatan, buscan personas. Entonces, si usted tiene la posibilidad de ayudar a un perrito de la calle o simplemente no maltratarlo, si puede ayudarlo, si puede darle comida, si puede darle agüita, désela. Entonces, pues cuidemos muchísimo a nuestros animales, a nuestros perritos, que como les comento, pues,

Son una gran, gran ayuda. Tan es así que, y tan los entrenamos tan bien aquí en México, que Venezuela precisamente va a mandar a dos de sus binomios para que sean entrenados aquí por el ejército mexicano. Entonces, a todos los que tenemos la, les digo, la oportunidad de hablar, de estar delante de un micrófono, hay que tener muchísimo cuidado con lo que decimos, porque muchísima gente nos puede ver, niños que nos están escuchando y decir esas, pues esos comentarios desafortunados

aunque sea de broma, pues no, no está muy bien.

And well, having said that, now we move on to this interview with my dear teacher Fabián Carballo, who is the president of the REMPA, the Mexican Network of Environmental Journalists, who is going to talk to us about this very good topic, which I would like to know what it is about, which is about ecopoetics and ecocentrism with Sebastián Miranda Brenes, who is the founder of the educational platform Ambiente Fractal. Right now we go with him and we return.

Hello, how are you? Hello, how are you? It is a great pleasure to be here with you again. I am Fabián Carballo, this is your Adman interview program, and we thank, of course, all the platforms that allow this program to reach you. And first of all, the environmental work, the TASCO and Puré TV, and the radios that broadcast this program, which are several, from Chapingo, Shalyn, Andía,

"Política Rock and Roll", "Violeta", there are several and more radios are added every week. First of all, I want to thank all of you and our guest and the topic before presenting to our guest, the topic today is eco-poetry. I know that poetry, some pay attention to it, some don't, but it really is a very interesting topic because of how it is being addressed, from where it is being addressed and how it is being addressed and that is why we have a great

expert who is going to talk to us about the subject, a person who has published about it and for that I want to introduce our guest today and he is Sebastian and I am going to introduce him very briefly, Sebastian Miranda Brenes. So, Sebastian, from the beginning, what I can tell you is that he has published several publications about it,

He is from Costa Rica, from San Pedro de Barba, Heredia. He is an environmental manager, writer and teacher, also an independent researcher and founder of the educational platform Ambiente Fractal. He has published academic articles and essays on eco-literature, environmental ethics, eco-fascism and other environmental issues. He has published in several international academic journals. He has published several books, including Antimateria in 2013, El sudor de la morfina,

Costa Rica and Mexico too. "Luminiscences" that he even published in coordination with New York Poetry Press and with Fruit Salad Shaker Ediciones Costa Rica. And he has "Corazón del Diablo Ediciones", the book "Animal de los Muertos" and "El paso de la serpiente" by Editorial Convergencia. So, it's a real pleasure, Sebastian, that you are here with us. The truth is that I am very happy for several reasons.

and that we have met thanks to your course that you offered us of Ecoliteratura and well, welcome. At the beginning, please tell us how we could... two things. What is eco-poetry? Because at the beginning what we understand is writing poetry with environmental themes, nothing else, but going further from your experience, what is it and how could a person who has not even entered the subject of poetry, how could he immerse himself in it? Welcome.

Thank you Fabian for your presentation and obviously for the invitation to the program and also a greeting to all the audience that will listen to us today in this interview here from Costa Rica, from the Caribbean and Costa Rican, I send you a warm greeting.

And as you well say, this interview is a coincidence thanks to an experience we had together in the course that we just finished yesterday, "Tricoliteraturas en tiempo de crisis climática", offered by the platform with which I coordinate, which is Ambiente Fractal.

And I am very happy to be able to make this type of meeting possible for us through this type of platforms. With the subject of ecopoesía, it is really very broad. And now, before starting the interview, you told me that Wikipedia was very wide, that's exactly where it goes.

Let's remember that the environmental line has been developing mainly in the 70s. The authors, mainly Aldo Leopold, who is a US agronomist, published in 1948 a book called "The Ethics of the Earth".

and there it begins to invite us to expand our ethical considerations to include nature, non-human animals, the environment in which we inhabit.

And we already had important antecedents, for example, with Henry H.D. Thoreau, when he published his book "Walden", John Barrows when he published "The Art of Seeing Things", Emerson when he began to publish about his field visits, Emily Dickens when he began to write his "Herbariums". There is a link with nature in writing, since always.

there is a link with nature in writing, in a primordial way. However, as the ecologist studies were expanded, when this whole line of ecology began to develop and began to be discussed around environmental issues, in the 1970s, well, in the 70s mainly,

In England a very interesting line arises called the ecocritic and the ecocritic begins to become more robust in the 80s, mainly in England, where already professionals in the linguistics of literature begin to incorporate or make interpretations of some texts in function

of the ecologist theories, depending on how some authors already addressed the environmental problems that were generated or how, for example, the authors began to relate to their environment, how they felt part of this.

And well, this coincides also with the growth of environmental thinking throughout the world. And in the 90s we already began to have a great movement at the level of environmental education that is incorporated into our day to day. And more and more it was more frequent that writers and writers of that decade began to be interested in environmental issues.

One of the main sources of eco literature is still the original communities because they have always maintained a very close relationship with nature and we also started to turn around to read from an ecocritical perspective of how their literature is linked with all these movements of defense of territory, of link with nature, of the sacred of nature.

But there are also great authors who begin to work their texts in this function, in how I link with my environment, they do contemplative exercises to write. For example, we were already starting to work a lot on haiku, which is a type of Japanese writing of the 17th century.

that is condensed into 17 syllables, a very spontaneous moment, but it is literally based mainly on the contemplation of nature.

In addition, many writers start working from the complaint, literature begins to be used to work with the complaint as a tool to also carry a message from an aesthetic experience to be able to promote an ethical position in the people who read.

So in the 90s it started to become more frequent, in fact, in the 90s we started to appear, as you say, poetry or anthologies of poetry related to nature began to appear in many countries, with ecological themes and others.

And throughout this line of eco-literatures, I think they have been developing more and more robustly, or they have had more presence perhaps in the last 10 years, where more and more people have come to work, studies of ecocriticism in universities,

anthologies have been compiled and systematized, a lot of writing of ecoliterature, right? At the level of anthologies in narrative, in poetry, in novels, more and more writers begin to link

and to worry about environmental issues and it is more frequent that they begin to address environmental issues within their texts

So, from your question, I think it is a literary category, if you will, that has been growing over the last decades and that it is increasingly common to find it. In fact, they have been doing it for maybe five years now, they have already begun to hold congresses of co-literature,

seminars began to be held, there are already magazines dedicated to this type of writing, of research. I tell you, for example, that here in Costa Rica, until last year, the first thesis was published, the first two theses of the literature degree at the University of Costa Rica.

around ecocriticism. Imagine that we are talking about that here in Costa Rica, for example, it is a relatively new topic, despite the fact that already in Mexico it probably has more than a decade in development or more, and in other countries it still has more than two decades in its work. However, it is an issue that still has more vitality, it is having more presence.

And how can people get involved with eco literature? Well, the first recommendation that I always give is to visit the page of the Mexican editorial Cactus del Viento, a Mexican editorial that founded and coordinates a Mexican poet who is eradicated right now in Japan, who is called Yaskin Melchi. There you can find eco literature first, because Yaskin coordinates a

a collection called the Ecopoetics of Mother Earth, which already has five volumes, where it begins to address the work of ecopoetics from Chile, Peru, Amazonas, Mexico, which is highly recommended, it is one of my favorites, it has a tour of poets of the 20th century in relation to ecoliterature.

and we were lucky enough to publish the fifth volume, which was a sample of Costa Rican ecopoesía, which I coordinated with him. And all the books are free to download. So there you can download it and get very close to this type of literary category.

Excellent. It's a very broad overview of this to be able to enter it. So, there is the entrance route, there we have it. And it is, the truth, very grateful to hear this. And on the other hand, precisely, what answers, in addition to being an aesthetic experience and in addition to being an ethical reflection of eco-poetry, what answer can it give us in front of this capitalocene? How can it help us? In fact, I

I suppose that you will be involved in turn with the issue of what is going on in the work that reconnects things like that. Then recognize the pain, etc. But hey, I leave it to you. No, I love it, I love that you put it from that perspective of Macy, right? But I always say that more than answers, the most important thing are the questions that can generate, right?

I think you address a very important concept, which is the idea of the capitalocene, for those who do not know the term, it is a concept that is relatively recent, that begins with the idea of ​​anthropocene, which was a concept that emerged in the 80s but took more effect in 2002 with a Nobel Prize in chemistry called Paul Crotzen,

where he talks about the new geological era, right? Due to human activity. However, many critics begin to say that not all humans are causes of the ecological crisis that we live in, but literally that in our capitalist system.

In fact, there is an author to whom I am going to refer to answer the question you ask is Donna Haraway, who is one of the first to mention or talk about the oceanic capital, right? And as this was geological and she wrote a book called "Follow the Problem" or "Follow the Problem" literally, what she invites us to do is to understand that we are and inhabit a crisis.

And understanding this word of crisis as being subjected to a stress condition that can lead us to a radical change. And therefore, what Haraway raises in the logic of his ideas is to think, and this is where the answer comes from, possible futures.

to leave behind a capital Ocena and move us to another different geological era, right? That she actually calls it Chulozeno in honor of the Lovecraft monster.

thinking about a tentacular idea, an idea of tentacles that begin to branch out to cover all types of populations, all non-human and human beings.

to get out of this geological era and start creating other possible worlds, other possible futures. And from here begins, I think, the possibility that the co-literature gives us. The co-literature allows us to create other ways of living.

or to imagine other ways of living. I remember, for example, that the author of the story of the created Margaret Atwood said that it is easier to write a dystopia than a utopia. And there is an author who is generally a reference of the eco-literatures, in fact, she writes science fiction, which is Ursula K. Lewin,

that raises utopian worlds in the distant future. It raises, for example, a world inhabited on the moon by an anarchist society and has a very idealized organization of how it can work.

Those are approaches that literature can offer us as possible futures. We could have a society like the one that Ivan Illich or Bookchin raised at some point, thinking about the eco-anarchisms, or we could raise other forms of life, for example,

the thoughts of the original communities, of the homogony of the original communities, right? Planting other ways of interpreting the world or how we could inhabit the world if we begin to embody and generate a bond with other non-human animals. So how could literature, and that was one of the exercises we talked about yesterday in class, how could literature

create links with a cloud, right? By making me feel like a cloud or by making me, by making me or when I become a cloud or when I become a octopus or when I become a bird or when I become a shark or when I become a whale, that way of embodying the other, right? This

understanding it from that other age, from Deleuze's philosophy, which speaks of a multiplicity, of an inter-existence, the multiplicity of others, right? I am because others exist and there is a multiplicity of beings that exist and for those others I can exist. So eco-literature, I think, gives us the possibility

to ask ourselves about our inter-existences. Rather than giving ourselves answers, I think it can open up questions about our inter-existences. With the tree you have there behind the image, for example, with the bird you are probably listening to, with the ant that is working right now, with the lichen that is right now in that branch, which is inter-existing with you and with all those who are close to you.

Ecoliterature, more than answers, I think it opens unnecessary questions to rethink what futures we can build as a civilization. And precisely, in some way you touch it, but I don't know if you reconfigure it, you explain it in depth, precisely how to reconfigure affectivity with those words, how to do it?

Because we have a crisis, it didn't start today, right? But it's a matter of... I think love has to be in the center and not fear. And we have love outside the center and people with a lot of fear, maybe terror. How do we go further so that people are not afraid to say "I love you" and of course, they are not afraid to say "I love you"? Not just another person, the universe, the world. How do we configure that affectivity?

Affectivities, like everything, I think can be built or reconfigured. In fact, for example, I really like the approaches that the thought of multispecies studies makes, thinking that a species can reconfigure narratives.

Therefore, if I start thinking about the world from the bird, from the tree, from the mushroom, from the root of a plant or from the plant itself, I can start reconfiguring my relationships and my links with those others. And there I begin to create empathy, to generate compassion and I can literally

start to create a different emotional bond that can lead me to feel love. For example, and I always raise this place, what makes it different the fact of having a pet dog like a dog to eat a piece of cow, a piece of beef. What is the difference? The difference is precisely in the bond and affection, the relationship we create with the dog

for a long time ago, is a bond relationship, it is also a relationship of equals because the dog, in this case, becomes part of the family, becomes a member, we give it a name, we personify it, we feel identified with it, we understand each other with it, we bond eternally until we create an affective bond, which is a filial and loving bond.

at that level, filial and loving, unlike the cow, which is a being that is very distant from us, a being that we take away the possibility of a bond, a being that has no name, a being with which we do not relate, and there what Levinas, the Jewish philosopher, would also say,

a being to whom we do not give face and since he does not have a face for us, he has no emotional bond and therefore allows us to murder him and put him on a plate in the house, a plate that also obviously prevents us from seeing all that cruel process to get that piece of meat to our table.

and obviously it still breaks us with that possibility of creating affection for a being who suffered a lot to give us a piece of flesh. That's where we start to understand, for example, from literature. Something, for example, about that, more or less, something that I wrote in a book that you can find

in Mexico, which is called "The Animal Book of the Dead", which you just mentioned. Let's see if I can find it. Write about that. In what you are looking for, I can briefly comment that

Something that I think would also be relevant to mention here is precisely the issue of ecocentrism. How do we go from anthropocentrism to ecocentrism? And thanks to these reflections and these aesthetic experiences, it would be interesting for you to develop those ideas for us as well, please. Of course, exactly, that's exactly where we're going, because literally when we only value the human being, and that's exactly what philosophers think a lot about,

mainly from environmental philosophy, from environmental ethics, that our ethics is directly related only to humans and in fact with some humans, because we have also managed as humanity at a historical level to disassociate our ethical criteria with other humans at another time and we have managed to justify many times and it is still done

slavery, discriminatory treatment, racist treatment towards other people.

That is still sustained by a hierarchical question and it is there, right? And obviously this transcends towards animals and nature, right? At the moment we start, well, at the moment that eco literature, for example, gives us another way of

of experiencing the world, of living in another way, of perceiving the world from the speculative narrative, from contemplation, begins to put us in a conscious plane that we are part of a cycle, of the water cycle, of the carbon cycle, of the nitrogen cycle,

of the life cycle, right? And that we are not exceptional beings, we are beings that inhabit the world and that are part of it. But for a matter

of our civilizatory development we have been leaving that bond we have never stopped being part of it but we have considered ourselves outside of it, which is different we have never stopped being part of it but we perceive ourselves as something different from nature and the worst thing, as you say, something superior

In fact, one of the criticisms that is made from ecologisms is that we deny our own animality. So much so that to generally debunk someone we use the insult related to animals to try to put it in a lower category. And of course this is really giving way to

to that kind of discrimination as mentioned by the anti-speciesist movements, right? That we are speciesist beings because we discriminate against other species because we believe that our species is superior, right? So, for example, in the book "Animal of the Dead" there is a section called "The Pain of Meat" that says: "I did a dissertation on the right, on the declaration of the rights of animals. I spoke to them

that we are all born equal to life and their self-proclaimed superiority has no foundation, whether they like it or not, they are as animals as we are. I argued that having ourselves in these violent conditions to Inciso A of Article 3, by subjecting ourselves to bad treatment, denying our longevity,

and lock us up in unhealthy cells, force us to live among our excrement, to be slaughtered and then killed a few months after birth. I made a broad exposure on our right to live freely in our natural environment. They do not care about their obligation to protect us.

to avoid exploiting us, they obvious the biocide of ending with us without the need to legislate in our favor, because although they do not agree, we are subject to law. I accuse them of genocide, by sacrificing millions of us for stupid and unnecessary purposes.

I demand the freedom we deserve. I demand immediate justice for our species. But my arguments are useless. You do not understand the growl of a pig. And this is Little Xerag, a fact that says that a pig has an IQ similar to that of a 4-year-old child. It can live between 10 and 15 years naturally, but they sacrifice themselves between 5 or 6 months of birth.

Only in 2012, according to FAO 2019, more than 966 million pigs were sacrificed in the world. Tremendous, tremendous, tremendous. And I think that humanity, most of us were not reflecting on these issues. And I think this is a great job that you and other poets do to be able to raise awareness among the population and in turn, finally,

in this last fragment of the interview that we are almost finishing, notice that it reminded me of a book that I have down here, it's called "The Echo Wars: True Tales of Environmental Madness", true tales of the environmental madness of David Day, which was published in the 80s, and then it talks about a pyramid in which at the base are many laboratory animals, animals that have been used to eat, etc. So we don't think about it, and then it says that

We are not even on the Monday of not eating meat. Think from the ethical point of view. Think from the point of view of climate change, global warming.

We could think about it, but it's not happening. Most people are not in tune and we have to work on it. So, the truth is, these reflections that you have given us are of great value. Sebastian, it's been a real pleasure to be with you. I don't know if you want to say something to conclude, Sebastian.

Yes, I was opening the door because I was about to bark at my dog, so I didn't want to interrupt. To conclude, well, first I invite you to explore about ecoliteratures and about ecopoesía.

Mexico is a reference point to find. There I can recommend great authors and authors who are working. For example, you can look for the literature of Mónica Nepote, the literature that has beautiful books around the ecopoetics and the eco-literatures. You can look for authors like Marisela Guerrero, who has a beautiful book called "The Dream of Every Cell".

You can look for the poetry of Yaskin Melchi, who is really a brilliant poet in this theme of eco-poetics. He is not a writer of eco-literatures as such, but there is an author that I like a lot, a Mexican, called Francisco Cerratos, who writes two books that bring us a lot about environmental problems, which is "El capitaloceno", precisely, a book called that.

and the other is "The Ecotopias" which talks about the future, possible futures. He is a very sensitive guy to work. There is a Colombian who lives in Mexico and his books can be found there, which is Omar Felipe Giraldo, who can find the book of environmental affectivity that he wrote with Ingrid Toro.

and also has one called "Retorno al humus" that is published with the editorial Heredat, which you can also get it still, it is a beautiful book and that puts on the table a discussion generally that is not much about ecological issues, which is death, how death works in the cycles of life and it turned out to be extremely interesting the work he does. So, Mexico has enormous possibilities to do it,

There is a platform called Bioethics and Environment of a great academic, her name is Jacqueline Alcázar. She is promoting in her platform, co-poetry courses. There are free online courses that you can follow and also invite you to follow the platform Educativa Ambiente Fractal. There we are also offering courses on co-literature. In fact, in August

We have a course that Rodrigo Revilla is going to give, who is an editor and writer from Peru, who has an editorial called Búho Eléctrico, which is specifically dedicated to co-literature. And he's going to give a course called "Todos Somos Líquenes", a workshop on co-narratives. So if you are also interested in introducing yourself to this world of eco-writings, it is a great opportunity. There you can find it on the website of AmbienteFractal.com.

And if you like to contact me, you can find me on social media as Sebastian Miranda Brenes. And with pleasure I will answer you, I can share with you and also, well,

You can write to Fabián or you can write to me because we already organized a WhatsApp community between the two of us, right? Of eco-poetics of the Ayala way, where we already have a shared library that we are going to feed. So, well, we already have multiple possibilities to get closer, share, weave bridges.

and that this type of literature becomes increasingly popular and that we can sensitize through the encounter of the word. A true pleasure, Sebastian, for agreeing, the truth is that I am very happy to have agreed with this and I hope we continue to agree and thank you very much for all the work you do.

And I hope you have read enough and appreciated for that work. And thank you very much, really. A real pleasure. Before we finish the interview, don't go, please, to comment on some things out of the air. And thank you very much to all our audience for your attention. See you next time. Thank you very much. Thank you very much. See you later.

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Thank you very much, my dear teacher Fabián Carballo, and of course your guest, Sebastián Miranda Brines, who, really, get into his social networks, because I was here, gossiping, getting in here, and there's going to be something very interesting, precisely what they were talking about, they're going to have also on July 22nd,

a specialized program called "Ethics of the Earth". If you are interested, it can also be like this. Well, it can be, I think it's virtual. So get involved so you can check it out, but they do have a lot of very interesting things that you can't miss, really. And well, since we can't miss this interview either, since we already have our dear collaborator, friend Sandra Reyes from the Board of Directors of Voluntarios Informados,

que nos van a hablar de esta, bueno, ya sabe que Sandy siempre nos anda invitando a todos lados y nosotros felices de la vida por ir, y ahora esta nos la exigen porque nos va a invitar a la Expo Científica allá en Guadalajara, y para eso pues tenemos a su invitada que es Nini Bebarajas, ella es química farmacobióloga especializada en cultivo celular, análisis clínicos y divulgación científica. Me parece que ella radica en Guadalajara, si tengo entendido.

♪♪

Hola, ¿qué tal? Buenas tardes, noches. Espero que todos se encuentren muy bien.

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and they are specific brands that you may have collaborated with in the laboratory, university or the place where you are working. They are brands like Thermo Scientific, Gilson, Waters, Corning and other BB brands in the clinical and diagnostic area.

Solstice, there are many brands, the truth is that this expo will be incredible so that they can attend if they are residents in Guadalajara or close to this beautiful city, this expo will be held here in Guadalajara, Jalisco

in the Guadalajara Expo on August 10, 11 and 12, 2026. It is a completely free expo. No payment is required. All you have to do is register in the QR code.

The truth is that it has several master talks, it will have some showrooms, demonstrations of all the brands that are presented and then super interesting talks for the area of oncology, immunology, cell culture, cell therapy and then many brands of these are brands that represent care in the environment, which is a super important thing and well, the truth is that right now we have the area of

where pre-graduate and doctoral students

and they are participating for the scientific posters and they are called an incredible prize that goes from 25,000 pesos down and all this is in the online store today is the last day that you have to send your poster if you have one there you can participate you have to send it today before 12 at night so that they can be participating the bases come there on the expo scientific ctr page just like that you can look for it in the google search

and it opens everything, everything, everything, this expo takes place every two years, two years ago it was in Monterrey

which is where the company belongs and well, the truth is that I hope that if you could join us at this expo, the truth is that it is an expo that will be super incredible because it also has a virtual reality area where you can enter with viewpoints, with Kinect, to see the cells, you can detect clinical cases such as COVID, which was a few years ago, which seems to be a little while ago,

and the truth is that it is super, super, super incredible that you could attend. The truth is that it is completely free. If any of you would like to join us, you can send me a message if you need any support letter to justify it at the university,

in your work center or in some area where you belong, the truth is that it will be super cool, just like there on the screen they are showing the speakers that are going to see, they are super important speakers from the area of scientific research and well, they will give you work experience, which is a super good opportunity for you

present that they are training and that you are always in scientific innovation. So, I am very happy to have told you all this information. I really hope you could attend, I would love to meet you all.

I could see you here in the cell culture area, if I'm in the order. Thank you very much for your attention and for this opportunity that you gave me to participate here with you. The truth is that I am very grateful and delighted with Sandra and with the master Casasola Gustavo.

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conference. It is really having access to all the material in the laboratory that is going to be there, they are going to teach you, they are going to present it to you. You can see from there what it is for you, for you. There are some things that suddenly, no matter how much you want to be updated, it simply goes away, right? You really have to go and see what is being done today with the technology that has advanced a lot.

There are some protein identification conferences and some things like that that you say, wow, because I really say, obviously the conference is, I think, set up for clinics, but when you think about it, that can have a lot of implications in all. So tell us, how does the company start these congresses?

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Sí, exacto, y aparte Guadalajara es hermoso, entonces hay que ir, hay que aprovechar y hay que aprender muchísimo, porque estaba viendo también todas las conferencias que van a tener, y hasta de inteligencia artificial, bueno, de todo lo relacionado con la ciencia, la tecnología, usted tiene que asistir, si vive allá, pues es una vuelta, y si no, pues no nos queda tan lejos, Andy. No, no nos queda tan lejos.

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Hay cosas que yo insisto, o sea, va la compañía a ofrecerte el, pues todo, todo el, ¿cómo se llama? Pues todo el, toda la oferta que ellos tienen para solucionar tus, tus problemas, ¿no? Y hay cosas que de repente, pues yo insisto, aunque quieras estar actualizado, pues,

There are things that you don't think you need, right? Until I'm reviewing the program, there are some things that you say, hey, is this can be used? Like for this, like for this, like for this, like for this, like for this. So, well, I think it's time to start this, to give it a little bit and see what they are offering. Ninive, you're with us. You were talking to us about how this expo is born. There you don't hear us, Ninive?

Hola, hola. Sí, ahí. Sí. Ahí ya no se... A ver, háblanos, Nini, ve. No, creo que no. Se corta... Como que se corta el audio, querida. Sí. No, ¿verdad?

Well, this happens when we are live, when there is rain and when everything can happen. But well, Nini really gave us a super quick summary. I think I already presented that something weird was going to happen, so the truth is that she gave us a super quick summary. I think that just to emphasize that it is August 10, 11 and 12, it is exactly within a month. The Expo is the Expo Centro Guadalajara.

I don't know, the comments are already there, both the website of the CETR Expo Scientist, and the location. I'm right here inside the page, and for those who are interested, tell us, Dr. Alfredo Hidalgo Miranda is going to be there, he is the head of the Cancer Genomics Laboratory with Immunology and Precision Medicine, so you're going to have very interesting speakers, Dr. Eva María Salinas-Cuevas,

Miralles, president of the Mexican Society of Immunology, are high-level speakers who know a lot, who are an ace in everything related to science and technology. They have to go on August 10, 11 and 12.

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No, y las áreas pues están súper interesantes. Vigilancia, inteligente de patógenos, inmunología,

Sí, sí.

I'm going to be like the kids in elementary school, my dear. I'm going to put you in a mess and make my poster. I want to win $25,000. The prizes are great. It was what we invited eight days ago, precisely because today was the last day. So, eight days ago, that's why we emphasized that you have a week. And, well, sorry, because we didn't find out before, but we did let you know a week before. I'm like the moms in kindergarten. I'm just going to send mine.

We already have time. No, no, no, go ahead. Well, I don't know if until now that I have lost a little bit of the connection, do you have any questions to be able to continue talking? No, what I was asking was how the expo was born, that is, you already told us that it is every two years, how do you rotate the headquarters, you already know where the next one is going to be, that and tell us.

Well, I was telling you that the company is originally from Monterrey, Nuevo León. So this company is more than 55 years old. We distribute everything from the laboratory basically. We are part of it and we sell it to very important clients. So Terra is in almost everything we consume because

Some of our clients are very strategic clients, very important, such as Coca-Cola, Sabritas, many large and tequila industries here in Mexico. They are our clients. We are distributing all kinds of reactive materials, use of research.

and the truth is that this company has been doing this expo since 2018, no, 2018-2019 it has not been a quingo in the face, but this company begins to do this type of expos as a result of having many brands

and it is a very innovative company that is always at the forefront with all the innovation that is emerging. Right now this company brings a lot to the area of cell culture because as you will know, cell therapy is used a lot as an alternative medicine for oncological diseases and people are now dedicated to saving

the mother cells of their umbilical cords, they are cryopreserved, they even use these cells for the little brothers of the children who take out their cords and remain almost an eternity in custody. So this company makes this exhibition with the purpose of making scientific disclosure

and that people know science, since one of its slogans is the impulse of science in Mexico. So this company is the only company at the Mexican level, at the national level, that makes a company of this magnitude. I don't know if in the states where you live,

generate this type of expo furniture, jewelry, expo your baby, expo your wedding. This expo is completely scientific and everyone is invited from the hospital, industry, tequila, food, pharmaceutical, oncological therapies, cellular therapy, cell culture, the pharmaceutical and veterinary area. Everyone is invited and the students are given a lot of emphasis

can attend, since the forums that will be there and the master's conferences that we are going to have are training, they are innovation and for them it is very useful because for their curriculums, sorry, their curriculums are too full to be generating this type of training and innovation for them. And the company also has an area called CTR Foundation, which is where

He makes academic programs at public universities and prepares a certain type of students so that they can graduate from the university with a higher profile, know how to present themselves in an interview, and be able to formulate face-to-face interviews.

and above all, get the job opportunity they so much wanted when they graduated from university directly in the careers they studied. The truth is, this company is very innovative and I recommend you to attend the expo. It's super cool, the prizes, as they already said, are very juicy. Imagine earning all this money and being able to use it

use in a line store that CTR has its own line store and the truth I recommend that from time to time they go to the line store because they offer many products and if you work in a laboratory the truth is that they can take even micropipettes in less than a thousand Mexican pesos so it is a very good opportunity that CTR has its uniform area also this then it is super cool because then all of us who work in the clinical field

We can go buy our wigs, we can also buy our surgical uniforms, or anything that comes up, hats, etc. etc. etc. It is a very innovative company, very equipped and at the forefront of the entire industrial, clinical, research area, of everything you can imagine. The truth is that I do recommend that you register in the QR league that was presented to you a while ago.

If you don't have the opportunity to register or it's too late, it's very easy. Search in Google "Expo Científica CTR" and it's the first option that will appear. There you will see the academic program that we will have during the three days. The artificial intelligence area will be super cool because it will have this area where you enter a virtual reality booth with virtual reality lenses.

and you will be able to observe in a 3D model the cells. It's like you're inside a box or a Petri and you can see the cells, how they are differentiated by cytometry. There will also be clinical cases where you will be able to identify

what is the chromosome of a non-invasive test in IPT. It is an incredible experience because you are literally inside the chromosome and you can observe what is the chromosome or the number of chromosomes in which the mutation is generated.

So it's going to be super cool because apart from the virtual reality lenses, they're going to have this area like Kinect. So it's going to be a super cool experience. And apart from this, having direct contact with the suppliers who come here to Mexico of origin.

French, Australians, Americans, I mean, sharing cultures and also sharing this part of science, because the truth is super, super innovative because it serves you as a tool of work or even serves you as a connector so that you aspire to apply to one of your companies, which is a reality. Right now there are already many, many job opportunities abroad.

and more with this type of companies. You also get all the information from the forums, you see all the kids who participate in the university and who show their work, and it's a lot of information and a lot of evidence

of the assistants, of the people who are, well, exposing themselves, it will really be very good because, apart from that, they are going to set up like a real laboratory where you will be able to be taking the master's talks and be seeing the process of how the technique that you want to see or the materials that you use in the laboratory are carried out,

how it is carried out or how it is that they have to be used. And well, apart from that, you can also observe, because they are going to take a constancy. So, right now, as they say, paper speaks and it is very, very, very important that they attend, that they register. And the truth is that it will help me a lot that if they register in the sales department where it says invitation, they could put my name, my first name or name, so that the company

take into consideration that we are doing the greatest possible dissemination of this event so that you can attend and that we have the opportunity that if you have specific interest in a forum, we can put aside one of those places so that you can attend

Unfortunately, this time there won't be a live broadcast of the events because the reality is that it's about them attending and living the experience as it is. So I do recommend that you attend, that you register, there will be many interesting things. And sometimes you know that when it's an expo, you go out with a lot of gifts, you go out with pens, notebooks, thermos, calendars,

There are many suppliers that bring special gifts. Right now, some Pirex glasses are in fashion, which are made of glass and look like a pre-picked glass. So it would also be super cool if they had the opportunity to take them to their homes. The truth is that it's three days. There on the page appears the...

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so that they can take all this information because it is free, that is, nothing is charged, you do not have to pay anything, not even the entrance, or anything, that is, it is completely free and the speakers will be super, super, super interesting. The truth is, I do recommend that you register, that you go to the page and that you review all the information that will be there.

I don't know if you have any questions or if you have any doubts. The truth is that we are super excited. The truth is that Expo Guadalajara is super centric from any point in the city. There are even some public transports that appear out there that say Expo Guadalajara, so...

Everything is super centered to get to the place. You can also get there by your own vehicle to the parking lot or by some taxi platform that you drive. So it's super practical to be able to get there. All the talks are also online up there and I really recommend that you go.

Sí, pues la verdad es que sí vamos a andar por ahí, ni nivel, y la verdad no se van a arrepentir, porque luego muchas veces decimos mucho de la ciencia, la tecnología de otros países. Entonces, si por ahí tienen alguna duda, la verdad es que pueden invitar a quien sea, y a sus familiares, y a los que vayan.

Thank you very much, Nini. Do you hear us?

Yes, thank you very much. I just want to remind you, again, the date is August 10, 11 and 12, Expo Guadalajara. Please, if you register, tell them that Ninive invited you. And then, see you there. Really, your program is very interesting. You have to go for three days. Aurorita, is there anything else? No, thank you very much for the opportunity that you gave me.

Thank you very much, Andy.

Les mando un abrazo y nos estaremos viendo, Sandy, el próximo viernes. Muchísimas gracias. No se les olvide, días 11 y 12 de agosto en Guadalajara y nos vemos. Muchísimas gracias, Nini B. Muchas gracias a ustedes.

Buenas noches.

And well, I say goodbye. I am Aurora Mendio, Director of Public Relations, Production and Media here at the Mexican Institute of Flora and Sustainability. Thank you very much to my dear Sandy Ugalde, who is our producer, who is very aware of everything coming out of the air correctly.

y sobre todo gracias a ustedes nos vemos mañana en Hospital de Plantas ya saben a las 9 de la mañana por ADR Network o aquí por nuestras redes sociales

y cuídense mucho, les mando un abrazo y sobre todo cuide mucho a los perritos, de verdad se los imploro, cuiden mucho a los perritos, a los gatitos que andan en la calle, si los ven, está bien que a usted no le gusten los perros o los gatos, pero no los maltrate, nada más aléjese, si les puede dar tantita agua, tantita comida, pues está perfectamente bien. Les mando un abrazo y nos vemos en la próxima.