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Hello guys, cool high school friends, have you ever felt like having clothes that match the current model? Delicious food, a good house, maybe the vehicle you dream of, or maybe an expensive watch. Well, here is the mystery of the basic concept of economics. Human desire is not limited, while natural resources or human needs are limited.
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Now let's look at the natural resources around us. The resources on earth are all limited, while human desire and needs are not limited. So what is the benefit of learning economics so that we can make decisions to choose and fulfill our needs wisely within the boundaries of natural resources? Now we will find out together, what is economics?
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The first economy was introduced by philosophers who came from Greece named Xenophon. Economy comes from two words, which are oikos which means household and nomos which means rules. So in terms of geography, economy can be interpreted as the rules of the household. There are also other economists like Adam Smith, Alfred Marshall and David Ricardo.
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Generally, economics is a science that teaches human effort to meet its unlimited needs with limited resources or steps. Previously, we briefly saw that the needs and desires of humans were unlimited, while the means of satisfying the needs or SDA were limited.
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Let's take a look at the basic concept of economics, namely complexity. Complexity can occur because the natural resources available are not enough to meet all human needs and desires, which in the process takes time to be processed to meet human needs.
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such as agricultural results, energy and clothing that take time to be produced. Why can it be rare? It is rare because of several factors, namely: 1. The geographical location of a region, some are fertile and some are barren.
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Second, population growth, the more humans, the more it needs. Third, natural disasters that can damage natural resources. And the fourth, production limitations, all products produced require time and raw materials. Because of this rare concept, we as humans cannot get everything we want for free and immediately. We need sacrifice to make a choice between our needs and desires.
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In the next part, we will discuss the concept of choice and opportunity so that we can overcome the obstacles that arise in fulfilling our needs. The obstacles make us have to make choices. We cannot get all the needs or desires of all of us. So we have to make the choice of which one we need most at this time based on priorities.
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Every time we make a choice, aware or unaware, there is an opportunity cost that we sacrifice in making the choice. So what is the opportunity cost? The opportunity cost is the value of goods or services that are sacrificed because of making a decision. Let's look at an example. If we apply for a job from several available jobs, then by choosing one of the jobs, with a time, distance, or salary,
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we have sacrificed other job opportunities. That is what is called an opportunity cost. But we must note that opportunity costs are not always in the form of money. It can also be in the form of time, opportunities or other lost benefits, including salary or money.
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In everyday life, we often do various economic actions. Every economic action must have a motive. And we take that motive by using economic principles. Such as shopping activities with the motive of fulfilling basic needs. Working with a motive to make a profit or save money for a motive to keep or invest.
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In addition to the economic motive, in making decisions or taking economic actions, we usually also use the principle of economy. Well, let's now get into the discussion of the principle of economy. The principle of economy is an economic action with a certain sacrifice. Humans try to get the maximum benefit or satisfaction, or vice versa with the least possible sacrifice, but try to get the maximum level of benefit or satisfaction.
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For example, when you buy fruit, you will definitely choose fresh and quality fruit, but at a high price. That is the implementation of the principles of economics. Now let's look at the division of economics. Economists divide economics into two main parts, namely microeconomics and macroeconomics.
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Microeconomy focuses on individual, household, and company behavior in making decisions about the allocation of natural resources to meet human needs. The behaviors that are meant are production, distribution, and consumption.
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while the macro economy covers production, distribution, consumer and foreign households. The macro economy looks at the economy as a whole, such as inflation, unemployment, economic growth and economic policy issues.
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That's our discussion this time about the basic concept of economics. Thank you for watching. Don't forget to subscribe and like this video, friends. Stay excited and see you.
