Larutan Asam Basa (1) | Teori Asam dan Basa | Kimia Kelas 11

Hello Assalamualaikum Hello little brothers and sisters

meet again with Brother on the

kinematics channel in this video we will

learn the 11th grade chemistry material which is

about acid-base solutions where in

this section we discuss the

acid-base theory there are three theories that

explain the definition of acids and bases namely the

Arrhenius acid-base theory

Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theory and

Lewis acid-base theory Okay let's discuss the

first one, namely the Arrhenius acid-base theory

according to Arrhenius an acid is a substance that

can release H + ions If dissolved

in water for example is HCL This HCL

When dissolved in water it will

produce H plus ions and CL Min ions

Well because it produces H + ions

that's why HCL is called

according to Arrhenius another example

is H2 SO4 H2 SO4 also when

dissolved in water will

produce 2 H plus ions and 2 min SO4 ions

so because it releases H + ions

that's why H2 SO4 is also called an acid

according to Arrhenius it's clear then

for wet according to Arrhenius a base

is a compound or substance that releases

ions OH amine if dissolved in water

example NaOH NaOH If dissolved in

water it will release Na + and

Mohammed ions so because it releases OH ions

Amine is why enoch is called a

base according to Arrhenius another example

for example caoh2 times then if dissolved

in water it will ionize or

produce ca2 + and two oh Amine so the

presence of OH ions Amine is

only caoh2 times called a base

according to Arrhenius Okay, it's clear, continuing

with the Arrhenius acid base theory, there is something

called acid valence and

language valence, each of which is usually

symbolized by a small a and a small b,

now this acid valence shows the number of

H + ions produced from the ionization of 1

mole of acid while the language valence

shows the number of OH ions Amine

produced from the ionization of 1 mole of base

means for HCL because it produces

one H + ion means it is called a

one-valence acid or Anya = 1

while H2 SO4 because it produces two

hplus means its original valence or only

= 2 Then for NaOH it produces

one oh Amine So if one is not necessary,

the number is like this is the

language valence is one or its bb = 1

and caoh2 times because it produces two

oh Amin means it has a valence of wet2

or its bb =

Hi then if the acid has a valence of one

or the number of H + ions is one then it is

also called a monoprotic acid if

the valence of the acid is two it is also called a

diprotic acid then if the valence of the

acid is three or the number of H + ions

produced is three it means it is

called triprotic Well for this triprotic

example is H3 po4 for the

ionization reaction you can try it yourself

Then for wet if the base has a

valence of one or its bb = 1 then it is

also called monohydroxy wet

if the language valence is two it is called

dihydroxy and if the valence is usually

three it is called trihydroxy Well the example

for trihydroxy language is Allah

three times the ionization reaction you

can try it yourself Okay let's move on to the

second acid base theory, namely the

Bronsted Lowry acid base theory

Hi according to Bronsted Lowry an acid is a

species that gives or donors Protons

Protons are H plus yes while a base

is a species that receives or

accepts Protons well So that means the

Bronsted acid base theory Lowry is based on the

handover of Protons after the acid

donates its proton, meaning the Proton

or H plus is reduced by one, so

the acid will form a base which is

also called the conjugate base, while the

base after receiving the Proton, the Proton

or H plus increases by one and

forms an acid which is also called the

conjugate acid, well, the acid with its

conjugate base or base with its

conjugate acid is also called the

Bronsted-Lowry acid-base pair or

conjugate acid-base pair

Hi, so the characteristic of a conjugate acid-base

is that it only differs by one H plus and the number of

acid bases is more than the number of

bases. Okay, for more details,

pay attention to the following example: HCL plus H2O

steam Bang CL Min + H 3 O + Well, usually

in Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theory questions

that are often asked are

conjugate acid-base pairs, remember the

conjugate acid-base pair only differs by one H plus,

meaning HCL, its partner is a mirror,

H2O, its partner is H3O plus, so

each only differs by one H plus,

meaning the first conjugate acid-base pair

is HCl with CL Min

Then the second is H2O with

h3o plus well continue Now we will

determine which species acid base

conjugate acid and base

also remember the number of acid rights is

greater than the number of bases

means for HCl and CL Min this chcl

is acid because it is only more

compared to CL Min so HCL acid

CL Min is conjugate base

Hi Then for h2o and h3o + H2O

has a smaller amount

compared to h3o plus means

this H2O is

Hi H3 of h3o plus is conjugate acid

Hi kek so only one H plus difference

Hi Okay now we connect it with the

Bronsted Lowry acid base theory Why

is HCL acidic because HCL gives

Proton or H plus to H2O means

H2O receives Proton yes or receives H

plus that's why H2O is called a base

after HCL gives Proton means

its proton or HP decreases so it

forms CL Min okay well while H2O

after receiving Proton or H plus then

its HP increases to form h3o Plus

Hi Keh clear yes this is the

first example now we move on to the

second example NH3 + H2O steam Bang nh4 plus

+ CL Min Okay let's determine the

pair first NH3 means paired with

nh4 + because it only differs by one H plus

while H2O pairs with oh Amin

because it only differs by one H plus also

means the first conjugate acid base pair

is NH3 with nh4 +

the second is H2O with Oh Min

now we determine the acid base

conjugate acid and conjugate base for NH3

and nh4cl + NH3 has a

smaller amount meaning this NH3 as a

base

Hi then the nh4 + is a conjugate acid

Well if NH3 is wet it means H2O is acidic yes

Yes

Hi and oh Amin is a conjugate base

Hi Ken here it also looks like H2O

has a larger amount

compared to oh Amin that's why H2O is

acid

Hi continue the third example NH3

plus HCO3 Min is balanced nh2 minta +

H2 co3 Heh let's determine the pair

first yes approximately NH3 pairs with

who clearly with nh2 mint yes because it

only differs by one H plus

Hi then HCO3 Min means

paired with H2 co3

Oh, that means the first conjugate acid-base pair

is NH3 and nh2 mint,

the second is HCO3 Min and H2 co3,

let's continue determining the acid-base

conjugate acid and conjugate base.

Note that NH3 is paired with nh2

mint. NH3 has a greater number of ha

compared to nh2 mint,

namely the difference is 1H plus, yes, that means NH3

acid, nh2 mint is a conjugate base,

then HCO3 Min is paired with H2

co3. HCO3 Min is only less

than H2 co3, namely the difference is one H plus,

yes, healthy co3 mint is less, meaning

HCO3 Min is wet. H2 co3 is a conjugate acid.

Hi, okay, it's clear enough, now

pay attention to examples number 2 and number three.

Well, from these two examples, there is a special

one, namely NH3, but its properties are different

in example number 2, NH3 is a base, in

example number three, NH3 is an acid,

meaning NH3 can accept protons and

can also release protons, that's why NH3

can be basic and can also

be acidic, so species that can

act as acids and bases

are also called special amphiprotic,

so special fibrotic is Spacy which

can act as an acid and base

or Spacy which can release and

accept Protons means a special example of

fibrotic is NH3 H2O then there is

hso4 Min HCO3 Min

Hi Okay let's continue to the

third acid base theory, namely the Lewis acid base theory

according to Lewis an acid is a molecule

or ion that can accept or

acceptor electron pairs while a

base is a molecule or ion that can

give or donate

its electron pairs so to make it easy to

remember just remember the Lewis acid base theory is the

opposite of bronsted-lowry

if in bronsted lowry the acid It

donates to Lewis the acid It is an acceptor

if in the browser Lori the language

accepts or acceptors in Levis

the language donates or gives so the

difference is that in fluorine what is

handed over is Proton or H

plus while in the Lewis acid base theory

what is handed over is an

electron pair further because the language

donates this electron pair

means the fiber is the base the central atom

must have PEB for example here there are two

molecules NH3 and bf3 Now to determine

which is acid and base according to the

Lewis acid base theory means we have to

make a structure Lewis yes for NH3 the

central atom is n means it is located

in the middle then around it

is Ha There are three ha ha

KMA has E5 electrons 1/3 of

each has been given one

third Ha means the remaining two electrons

are free electrons so here then

bf3 the central atom is B binds 3F

Hai Keh the electrons of B are 3 are

finished yes they have been given to 3F

each one means B does not have a

free electron pair means from

this Lewis structure we can determine

which is acidic and which is alkaline

means NH3 is a base because it has a

free electron pair while bf3

is an acid

Hai Well this NH3 will donate or

give its free electron pair to

Hai so that NH3 and bf3 bond

to form NH3 bf3 and if we make the

Lewis structure it will be like this well

this is the electron pair that is

handed over Okay It's clear enough Well

That's all for this video

thank you wassalamualaikum warahmatullahi

wabarakatuh