Dasar sistem pneumatic

Bismillah, Assalamualaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh, Alhamdulillah, Wassalatu wassalamu ala rasulillah, wa ala alihi wa sahbihi wa man walaah. Class of 10 TBSM and TKR, may Allah bless you. Let us continue our study material, or TDO study, automotive basic technology.

In the previous video, we have learned about the basics of hydraulic systems, starting from understanding, Pascal's law, working principles, types, applications in the automotive world, as well as its disadvantages and advantages. Inshallah in this video, we will learn about understanding the basics of pneumatic systems. Happy students, the word pneumatic comes from the Greek language, namely pneuma,

which means air or breathing. So, pneumatic means filled with air or moved by compressed air. Principle of the pneumatic system The principle of the pneumatic system is actually the same as the hydraulic system. The difference is only in the media of motion used, where the hydraulic system uses liquid or oil, while the pneumatic system uses air.

The pressure of the liquid or air that is used is used to move actuators, which are used for various needs such as brake, car lift, bike lift, suspension systems such as shock absorbers, and so on. Understanding the pneumatic system

Pneumatic systems are a technology that uses compressed air or compressed air to produce mechanical motion effects. Because it uses compressed air, the pneumatic system cannot be separated with a compressor, a tool that functions to produce a certain amount of compressed air. Well, what is the difference between a hydraulic system and a pneumatic system, students?

From the type of fluid used, hydraulic systems use incompressible fluids. This means that this type of fluid cannot be compressed, for example, oil. Even though there is a pneumatic system, the type of fluid used is an air type fluid that can be compressed. Then from the side of the pressure, hydraulic systems have a pressure threshold of 6.9 to 34 MPa.

Despite the pneumatic system, the pressure is only between 550 to 690 kPa. Next, the hydraulic system is widely applied in various types of heavy equipment, various types of cranks,

hydraulic brakes, either used in cars or motorcycles, suspension system, and so on. Then, pneumatic system applications, for example in the compressor and its installation, AC system or air conditioning, pneumatic brake system, and so on. Then,

If seen from the working temperature limit, the hydraulic system has a working temperature limit of 60-70 degrees Celsius, while the pneumatic system temperature limit is able to reach 180 degrees Celsius. Next, let's look at the pneumatic system component in one of its applications, namely the pneumatic system for the installation of air compressors. This video will explain how the pneumatic system works.

In this video, there are 5 components that are used a lot in pneumatic systems. The function of these components is to produce movement on the actuator, such as to move things from one place to another, or to press or pinch the components into one. The first component is the compressor.

The compressor functions to suck out the outside air or atmospheric air, then store it in the tank reservoir or tank compressor. The compressed air produced by the compressor is then flowed through the hose or pipe. Next, the air needs to be dried and cleaned from particles such as dust and water droplets.

The component that is responsible for performing the functions of the above functions is known as FRL. FRL is a abbreviation of Filter,

regulator, and lubricator. The first FRL component is the liquid separator, which functions to separate air and water bubbles. Air that enters the liquid separator will rotate because of the shape of the molecules inside it. The water bubble will go down because of the centrifugal movement, while the air will go up, which then goes to the water filter.

Just like in the liquid separator section, air will rotate into the air filter around the filter section. Air will enter through the filter, while dirt will be trapped. Well, the air has dried and cleaned after this process. Next, the air will go to the regulator. The regulator will set how much air pressure will go to the system.

The regulator consists of a gas cylinder and a rotating knob that functions to adjust the pressure of the gas cylinder as a valve controller inside it. When the knob is rotated, the gas cylinder will open the valve. Next, the air will go to the lubricator section. The regulator is also equipped with a manometer so that we know how much air pressure we are using.

In the lubricator, the air from the compressor will be lubricated so that the air will be lubricated before entering the tools or actuators that require lubrication in its work. The purpose is to reduce the friction when the tools are not working. Next, this air will go to the air flow control valve.

In this valve there are pistons that control the air flow line that leads to the actuator. This piston is controlled by a component called a spool and is equipped with a spring. For example, the piston closes the fourth channel and opens the second channel.

On the contrary, if the air is wanted to pass through the fourth channel, then the spool will work to pull the piston so that the second channel is closed and the fourth channel is open. The spool itself works on the basis of the PLC command, namely the short for Programmable Logic Controller, by sending an electric signal to the solenoid, so that the magnetic field will be lifted and pull the middle of the plunger. The second channel is closed and the fourth channel is open.

The air finally flows towards the fourth channel. When the signal from the PLC disappears, then the magnetism will disappear in the spool component. The gas will return the spool to its original position, so that the air flows back to the second channel. The next component is the actuator. The actuator is moved by the air that has been adjusted by the flow controller. The actuator functions to produce movement with different directions.

As an example in this video, the actuator is used to press the component. The actuator in this video is connected to the fourth channel to move the moving actuator forward. The actuator will move as a result of the raised style. When the forward movement of the actuator is complete, it is needed for the actuator to return to its original position. Then the flow control card will change the air flow from channel 4 to channel 2.

The second channel is used to press the actuator back. The air that previously pressed the forward actuator will be thrown towards the drain in the drain of the flow controller. This movement will continue as long as there is a command from the PLC. In this video, the pneumatic system is used to move two objects that will be made into one. Well, students, that's one of the applications of the pneumatic system. Thank you.

Pros and cons of pneumatic systems The first advantage is that fluids are easy to get and transfer. Air anywhere available in an unaccompanied amount and reverse channels are not needed because the previous air can be released into the atmosphere. Then the second can be stored well.

Pressure sources such as compressors only produce good air if the air is used, so the compressor does not always work. Then the advantages of the next pneumatic system are: Small viscosity, so the friction is also small.

Fourth, safe from fire. Fifth, clean. If there is leakage in the pipe, the work or materials will not be dirty. And also if there is a pipe damage, there will be no dirt, spots or oil stains, etc.

Then the last one, no damage to temperature. Clean air without water can be used completely at high temperatures or at low values, far below freezing points, each hot or cold. Then let's look at the disadvantages of the pneumatic system. The first one, noise. The air blown out causes noise or noise flowing out, especially in very disturbing workplaces.

Second, the style that is transferred is limited. Third, easy to evaporate or volatile, pressure air is easy to evaporate, especially in large and wide pressure air networks, there can be many leaks and cause the air to flow out.

Next, the deficiency of the pneumatic system of your students is the risk of freezing. During the freezing and the temperature drop related to the freezing of this ice can occur. Fifth, there can be a melting so that it causes rust.

Well, that's all students, our lesson material this time, hopefully it's easy to understand, as usual. If there are things that have not been understood, please leave a comment on this YouTube channel, or you can also discuss it through our class group. I thank you very much, good luck and may Allah bless you. Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh.