Geografi Kelas 11 | Posisi Strategis Indonesia dan Potensi Sumber Daya Alam | Kurikulum Merdeka

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Peace be upon you and Allah be upon you

. Back to

geography learning. This time we will discuss

Indonesia's strategic position and

natural resource potential, namely

Indonesia's astronomical location,

Indonesia's geographical location,

Indonesia's geological location, the definition

and classification of natural resources,

potential and various natural resources of

Indonesia. And finally we will discuss

sustainable natural resource management.

Astronomical location is also called

absolute location where the position and location

seen from the latitude and

longitude lines are fixed and cannot

move because they are based on the

latitude and longitude lines.

The following are the latitude and

longitude of the Republic of Indonesia.

The territory of Indonesia is crossed by the

0 degree latitude line or what is commonly called the

equator. This will

make Indonesia have a tropical climate. The

climate conditions are that Indonesia has

tropical rainforests,

high rainfall, high temperatures and humidity

, and sunlight

throughout the year.

The advantage of

Indonesia's astronomical location is that firstly,

tropical rainforests play a role in the

continuity of the natural cycle. Then the

energy cycle through the food chain process

to maintain the balance of

the ecosystem. The final cycle controls

water and maintains water availability on the

surface. The carbon and oxygen cycle

through the process of photosynthesis. And the

nitrogen cycle is a biochemical leaf that

plays a role in maintaining the availability of

nitrate to fertilize the soil.

The first influence of Indonesia's astronomical location is

the division of

time zones. Based on the longitude position,

Indonesia has two time zones, namely

West Indonesia Time, Central Indonesia Time

and East Indonesia Time. Each

zone has three times.

As for Indonesia's geographical location, the

Indonesian region is located between two

continents, namely the Asian continent and the

Australian continent, and two oceans, namely the

Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean.

Based on its geographical location, Indonesia

experiences the impact of the west monsoon and the

east monsoon. The west monsoon winds

cause the rainy season, while the

east monsoon winds cause the dry season.

Monsoon winds are a type of

periodic wind that occurs every 6

months.

Geographical location plays an important role in

the changing of the seasons. The first is the

rainy season. Second, the dry season.

Indonesia is located at the

crossroads of international trade and shipping traffic

, specifically in the Strait of Malacca

as the busiest strait in the world.

According to Presidential Regulation of the Republic of

Indonesia Number 34 of 2022 concerning the

maritime policy action plan for

2021 to 2025, Indonesia will

have a vision of becoming a maritime nation

that makes a positive contribution to

the world.

The first target of Indonesia's maritime policy mission

is to

manage marine resources

optimally and sustainably.

The development of reliable human resources, scientific

knowledge and marine technology

, the development of strong defense and

security. Implementation of

enforcement of legal sovereignty and

safety at sea. Implementation of

good marine governance. Realizing

the welfare of coastal communities and

small islands that is evenly distributed.

Realizing increased

economic growth and a competitive marine industry

. The development of

reliable marine infrastructure.

Completion of regulations on

marine spatial planning. And the implementation of

maritime diplomacy.

Indonesia's geological location is the location of

a country based on the state of the

rock structure that makes up the

layers of the earth. Indonesia is located in the

meeting zone of two continental plates, namely the

Eurasian plate, the Indo-Australian plate and one

oceanic plate, namely the Pacific plate.

Continental crust and oceanic crust can

move in all directions, resulting in

tectonic and volcanic events.

Faults occur in areas where the

earth's plates collide

or slide against each other. The

emblem fault is located

north of the city of Bandung. The Semangk fault

is located on the island of Sumatra, stretching

from Aceh to Semang Bay in

Lampung.

Then the Palu Koro fault is located in

Central Sulawesi.

Indonesia is crossed by two of the

world's young mountain ranges, so it has

many volcanoes spread

throughout its territory. The land around

the volcano is fertile so it is

very suitable for agriculture.

Apart from volcanoes, compressive stress

also causes the formation of

folded mountains. The collision between the earth's crust

causes the elastic layer of the earth's crust

to wrinkle and folds and causes

the reliefs of the earth's surface to take the form of

folded mountains.

Topography is the shape of the

earth's surface based on the height and lowness of the

land surface, such as valleys, hills,

mountains and beaches.

90% of Indonesia's earthquakes are caused by

tectonic plate movements. Meanwhile,

based on BMKG data, from

2009 to 2019,

around 71,628

earthquakes were recorded in Indonesia.

All elements of the living environment that

form an ecosystem unit include

biological and non-biological resources

based on the Republic of

Indonesia Law Number 32 of 2009.

Natural resources are based on the

first, their sustainability,

type and utilization.

There are two types of natural resources based on their sustainability. The

first is renewable natural resources

and non-renewable natural resources

.

Renewable natural resources

are natural resources that

have the ability to regenerate in a

relatively short period of time. And

non-renewable natural resources are

physical natural resources that will run out

and no longer be available after

being used for a certain period of time.

Examples of renewable natural resources

are water and

sunlight.

And examples of non-renewable natural resources

are coal and

petroleum.

Natural resources based on their type, the

first is abiotic natural resources,

namely physical natural resources. in the form of

inanimate objects. Then there are biotic natural resources,

namely physical natural resources

in the form of plants and animals.

Examples of abiotic natural resources are

air, soil, and water.

And examples of biotic natural resources are

agriculture, animals, livestock, and forests.

Natural resources based on

their benefits, the first is

material natural resources, namely natural resources whose

physical form can be used.

Then natural energy resources are

natural resources whose energy can be utilized

. And natural space resources

are natural resources in the form of

space.

Examples of natural material resources are

wood and gold.

Examples of natural energy resources are

solar energy and geothermal energy

.

An example of a natural spatial resource is

land.

The natural resource potentials are

one forestry potential, two

tourism potentials, three mining potentials,

and marine potentials. A

forest is an ecosystem unit

in the form of an expanse of land containing

biological natural resources which is dominated by natural resources

and the natural environment.

One cannot be separated from the other

based on the

Republic of Indonesia Law Number 41 of 1999.

Forests in Indonesia are

tropical rainforests, seasonal forests,

mountain rainforests, savanna forests. moss forests,

peat forests, swamp forests, and

mangruk forests.

Forests based on their function are

conservation forests, protected forests and

production forests.

There are production forests, namely

nature reserves, wildlife reserves and nature reserves.

Then there are new parks,

nature conservation areas in the form of

national parks, forest parks, and

tourist parks.

Conservation forests include

limited production forests, conservation production forests

, and permanent production forests.

Mining is the activity of extracting

valuable and economically valuable mineral deposits

from the earth's crust,

either mechanically or manually, on the

earth's surface, below the earth's surface,

and below the sea surface.

According to the Republic of Indonesia Law

number 11 of 1967, your materials are divided

into three groups. The first is

group A, namely your strategic materials

for defense or to guarantee the

country's economy. Examples include

petroleum, natural gas, coal, nickel, tin

, and uranium. Then the

next group, namely vital mining materials,

can guarantee the livelihood of many people.

Examples include gold, silver, iron and

copper. The last group

is mining materials that are not included in

mining materials in group A and group B.

Examples include salt, sand, marble,

limestone, clay and asbestos.

The first potential added resources in

Indonesia are

petroleum, natural gas, coal, copper,

bax, nickel, gold, diamonds, manganese,

iron sand, and tin.

Indonesia's marine resource potential

consists of renewable and

non-renewable resources.

Examples of renewable resources are

fisheries, coral reefs, mangroves and

seagrass.

Examples of non-renewable resources

include petroleum, precious metals,

natural gas and sea sand.

Tourism is a variety of

tourism activities and is supported by various

facilities and services provided

by the community, entrepreneurs, government,

and regional governments based on the

Republic of Indonesia Law number

10 of 2009.

As for natural tourism, it is tourism that

utilizes the potential of natural resources, both

natural and managed.

Then cultural tourism is

tourism that is carried out to

study customs, culture,

habits and art. Then there is

artificial tourism, namely tourism that is carried out

by utilizing

man-made tourist attractions.

Management of natural resources that is

directed at meeting the needs to

achieve prosperity for the current generation

without sacrificing future generations

is sustainable natural resource management

.

The principle of sustainable development is

firstly the principle of justice. Second,

the principle of justice within one generation,

the principle of early prevention, the principle of

biodiversity protection, and the

principle of internalization of environmental costs

and incentive mechanisms.

Management of forestry resources based on

sustainable principles can be carried out

through efforts such as

reforestation, selective logging, and

forest rehabilitation.

As for agriculture, namely the management of

agricultural resources with

sustainable principles can be carried out through the

following efforts. For example,

crop rotation, organic farming, and

agroforestry.

Then for mining, namely

the management of mining resources

with sustainable principles can be

carried out through efforts such as

reducing the use of

fossil energy sources and developing

environmentally friendly energy sources.

Managing industrial resources with

sustainable principles can be done

through efforts such as implementing

green industry principles.

Meanwhile, the management of

tourism resources with sustainable principles

can be carried out through efforts

such as avoiding tourism activities

from excessive use of natural resources

.

Then, management of

marine resources with sustainable principles

can be carried out through the

following efforts. do not use

explosives in catching fish and create

spawning areas or spawning grounds.

Hope it is useful. Good luck learning and

stay enthusiastic.

Yeah.