Chapter [4] Filsafat Ilmu

critical thinking or scientific thinking is

basically an effort to

provide a response and provide an

assessment of the property by

conducting a rational analysis skeptical

unbiased and impartial

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bismillahirrahmanirrahim assalamualaikum

warahmatullahi wabarakatuh praise and gratitude

we always pray to Allah

Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala Almighty God

for His blessings and guidance to

all of us viewers and younger students

who are wise always healthy and greetings of

prosperity to all of us

critical thinking or scientific thinking is a

popular expression especially

among the scientific community including

among students as an

intellectual community critical thinking or

scientific thinking is basically a danger to

provide a response and provide an

assessment of the direction by

conducting a rational analysis skeptical

unbiased and not remembering with

the ability to think critically it will

strengthen your ability to understand

all ideas and the people presented to

process them rationally and doubtfully

critical thinking makes you full

of maturity in making an

assessment because a

rational logical systematic approach no

assessment is given without

strong reasons that are accepted by

human reason with critical thinking it is the same

as prohibiting a reasoning

that leads to a decision

that is trusted and What will

be implemented critical thinking is a

clear, rational, and open thinking design

presenting an assessment of the

analytical process of the mind, observation, and

arguments there is some information about

critical thinking the second note can be

found in Plato which contains

100 conversations about ethics where

Socrates is faced with a

question about whether Socrates is

justified in escaping from

prison while he himself must obey the

laws of Athens which he

himself claims must be listened to

from considering and reflecting on

this question leads to the conclusion

that escaping violates

everything can be a principle of

higher value Socrates gives the message

that looking for evidence carefully examining

assumptions and reasoning is

important including conducting in-

depth analysis of basic concepts it is

important not only to hold on to what is

said but also to hold on

to what is done the building of

Socrates' questions which are

found in Plato's book

is an important part of composing

critical thinking and the method is

known to be very popular Socrates

gives a message that

thinking is necessary to gain clarity and

logical consistency he tries to

uncover irrational thinking with

questions he questions beliefs

conducting careful examination of assumptions

holding on to reasons

accepted by human reason and evidence FA

tradition of critical thinking This

was preserved by Plato up to Aristotle

with the skepticism he introduced,

namely questioning everything by

postponing decision on assessment to

decision with

critical analysis using systematic

questions asked with the intention of

ensuring the true nature of

reality not deceived by information

that seems true critical thinking is

making judgments in the form of reasoned opinions

clear and

clear judgments see problems from various

points of view The United States national deity

for excellence and

critical thinking defines thinking as an

intellectual discipline process actively

and skillfully

conceptualize apply

analyze synthesize or

evaluate information gathered

from or produced by observation

experience reflection reasoning or

communication as

for belief and action

critical thinking is an assessment

based on a careful

analytical evaluation a consideration of

evidence carried out conceptually

methodologically and contextually

maximize rationality by

referring to reason as a guide

to arrive at a critical thinking

can be practiced in thinking about a

person's thoughts with the

main purpose of clarifying to

identifying errors

and biases in his thinking activity

by conducting an examination

of the important aspects that guide

a belief and action in a

decision that is presented is an

important matter that is depicted in

a critical thinking process in addition to that

also that with critical thinking

it will present more

logical conclusions healing the variety of

information from tradition so that it

leads to strong conclusions

or can be relied upon important attributes

of Critical thinking is the desire

to achieve satisfactory results

from the search carried out by the

critical thinking approach. This is basically

done by questioning

or challenging the

knowledge received. Efforts to

achieve satisfaction through

rational thinking are driven by results

involving objective information and

that information is also re-politicized

by asking questions. At least

critical thinking depicts

maturity and high self-confidence.

High knowledge is not

rigid and open in seeing various

fictions and points of view. His thinking is

systematic and analytical and has a

strong commitment to the truth.

Critical thinking is a process of

intellectual discipline. Questioning the

validity of arguments and bringing

you out in the ability to formulate

a concept. Analyze and emphasize.

Synthesize and evaluate all

the information received. The benefits of

critical thinking in general are at least

known that it makes you

give a

high appreciation to differences in views on

an issue or problem faced. With

the ability to accept

differences in viewpoints, it

then makes you able to work

together as a good work partner. In

addition, you can also work alone

in finding solutions quickly. Children's

critical thinking skills build

the ability to generate ideas and

ideas. Your employer is able to be

in a position to think rationally and clearly.

Then you must realize that you

have thought critically. The most important thing is that

you must know that

this ability will also lead

you to the ability to adapt to

Whatever the situation and condition, it is

certainly because by thinking

rationally and clearly, you are

able to strengthen your intellectual abilities

which tend to be more flexible because you

always choose to analyze and

collect many sources of information

rather than accepting what is.

Critical thinking also builds

your ability to interview ideas and fail.

This is certainly because you

understand the logical structure of the text when

conducting an analysis and

builds your creativity, especially

in presenting solutions to the

ability to present new things

through modifying information to the ability to conduct

an

evaluation that has consumptive value.

Critical thinking or scientific thinking skills

can be built on

your ability to position yourself by

accepting knowledge without

questioning its truth does not

characterize critical thinking, but

excessive doubt in

the shadow of fear will lead

to a fisherman who is biased.

Critical thinking skills can also be

removed by building

your awareness in understanding the situation. Carrying out

disciplined thinking practices, recognizing

yourself and focusing on goals,

honing your critical thinking skills

by questioning all the

information you receive, always trying to

validate all the information

you receive, questioning

conclusions by prioritizing Budi,

questioning whether the decision has

succeeded in solving a problem.

Critical thinking at least

makes you have a

high curiosity and is easy to believe, having

the readiness to accept recognition of

a mistake. This discussion

basically tries to make you

have the ability to think or

think scientifically by understanding

how scientists working in

finding scientific truth to arrive

at the ability to think critically or

think scientifically, this language will

present a lot of information that

will support arriving at

that ability. It explains the scientific method

and its steps, hypothesis,

drawing conclusions, paradigms and their

relationship to achieving

scientific truth, to building your understanding

of the importance of a scientific attitude. Finally,

thank you, wassalamualaikum

warahmatullahi wabarakatuh

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