IPS kelas 8 Bab 1 kurikulum merdeka kondisi geografis dan pelestarian sumber daya alam

Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh Welcome to the summary segment and this time we will discuss the subject of social science or IPS for class 8 chapter 1 namely the title of geographical conditions and the preservation of natural resources because this chapter has many reasons, namely there are 5 then for this video we will discuss

Part A and also Part B, namely about the diversity of the Indonesian nature and also the use of natural resources About the diversity of the Indonesian nature, humans are very dependent on the environmental conditions of the place of residence Where human life in the mountainous area is certainly different from in the high or low-lying areas

Then how will the geographical process affect the diversity of Indonesia's nature? In the picture we can see there are different natural conditions in the mountainous area, then on the beach, then in the mining area, then it will of course affect the diversity of nature in Indonesia. Then we will discuss about location and width.

The location of a country is determined by three things, namely geographically, astronomically, and geologically. Geographical location is the position of an area based on reality on the surface of the earth.

Based on its geographical location, Indonesia is located between two continents, namely the Asian continent and the Australian continent, and is located between two oceans, namely the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. Indonesia is the largest country in Southeast Asia and Indonesia is the largest island country in the world.

where the land area of Indonesia is 1,910,932.37 km2 and the Indonesian sea reaches 5.8 million km2.

Then we will discuss about the astronomical location. Based on the astronomical location, namely the location based on the star line and the star line, Indonesia is located at 6 degrees north star to 11 degrees south star and 95 degrees east star to 141 degrees east star.

This causes time differences in the regions of Indonesia, namely WIB or West Indonesia time, then WITA or Central Indonesia time, and WIT or East Indonesia time, where each time zone has a difference of 1 hour. Geological location

Geological location is the position of an area based on the geological structure or arrangement of rocks around it. Geologically, Indonesia is run by two mountain ranges of the world, namely the Pacific Circle and the Mediterranean Circle.

This causes Indonesia to have many active fire mountains that make Indonesia fertile. The number of active mountains in Indonesia is about 127 fire mountains.

The next geographical process that affects the diversity of the Indonesian nature is weather and climate. Weather is the average air condition at a certain time in a relatively short area in a short time. While climate is the average annual weather condition in a large area.

There are elements of weather and climate are sunlight, then air temperature, air humidity, wind, rain. Well, climate has an impact on human life, especially in the agricultural sector. And Indonesia has a tropical climate that has two seasons, namely the rainy season and also the rainy season.

Tropical plants have many varieties that are rich in arang hydrates, especially plant-based foods. There are also influences of climate elements on plants, including sunlight, which will affect plant photosynthesis and of course can increase air temperature.

while the temperature will reduce the water level so that it tends to be dry. Even though there is humidity, the effect is that it will limit the loss of water, while the wind will help the irrigation process naturally and reduce the water level. While the rain will increase the water level and will irrigate the land.

Next, we will discuss how the geographical process affects cultural diversity. So, cultural diversity involves cultural aspects that can affect individual interactions with others, which include differences in values, norms, beliefs, knowledge, traditions, and unique customs in each community.

Well, the diversity of culture in Indonesia is influenced by geographical factors such as geographical isolation, climate conditions, and geographical location. We will discuss this one by one. Geographical isolation, which means geographical isolation, refers to spatial separation or space between groups of people.

which is separated by barriers in the form of physical natural structures such as mountains and also the sea Indonesia is an island country where the sea becomes the natural isolation of the intergroup technology limitations in the field of shipping in the past caused them to move from one island to another island then climate Indonesia is colored by various climates

The difference in height of the place will result in significant temperature differences. The people of the coast of North Java are considered farmers, while the people of the mountains are generally considered farmers. Likewise, the architecture of traditional Indonesian houses is almost all built on the stage.

Geographical location, how geographical location affects cultural diversity? The strategic geographical location of Indonesia will cause Indonesia to be passed on by foreign nations crossing the Malacca Strait as a link between the western and eastern parts of the earth, so that it increases the opportunity for indirect cultural exchange.

The next subject we will discuss is about the use of natural resources. Understanding Natural Resources Natural resources are everything on Earth and are used to meet human needs.

Even though there is a division of natural resources, it can be divided, the first is based on the nature of its maintenance, divided into two, namely renewable natural resources or renewable resources, where the example is water, land, then forest.

The second is the natural resource that is not renewable or cannot be renewed or "undeniable sources" for example, it is oil, then it is coal

Even though based on its habitat, the natural resources are divided into two, the first is terrestrial natural resources or land and the second is aquatic natural resources or water. The potential of natural resources in Indonesia

The potential of natural resources in Indonesia is divided into three, namely: forest natural resources, mining natural resources, and maritime natural resources.

The first we will discuss is the source of natural resources of the forest from the infographic in the image we can see that based on the data of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry in 2018 Indonesia allocates 63% or more than 120.6 million hectares of land as a forest area

where there is what is called production forest producing production material then there is what is called protected forest to protect the ecosystem support system there is also conservation forest its main function is to preserve the diversity of plants and animals as well as its ecosystem

This conservation forest is divided into two, namely as a natural preservation area later known as the National Park, then the Natural Tourism Park, the National Forest Park, and into a natural swamp area, namely the example is Cagar Alam and also Marga Satwa Swamp.

The source of natural resources of mining, based on the Law No. 11 of 1967, about mining, then mining goods in Indonesia are divided into three categories. The A category or strategic is for the defense and security of the country. Examples are oil and gas from the earth.

Then the B category or vital, this is to fulfill the needs of many people, for example gold, copper and copper And the C category for industry, for industry and not directly affecting the needs of many people, for example sand and also copper ore The use of mining resources in Indonesia must follow the existing rules

The mining activity can be done after passing through several stages including: Prospection, namely the investigation and search activities to find valuable raw materials or minerals

Next is exploration, an activity to find out the size, shape, position, average condition, and the majority of the reserves of minerals or minerals that have been found

Next is exploitation, namely mining activities that include the use and import of precious materials or minerals to the storage and processing sites. And the last is processing, namely activities to purify or leave behind

increase the amount of galian material by separating precious minerals and non-precious ones

Natural Resources of Maritime Based on the report of the Kemenko Maritime Performance in 2018, Indonesia's sea stores 37% of the world's life resources species 17.95% of the world's coral reef, 30% of the Bakau and Padang Lamon forests

Next, there are several potential natural resources of Indonesian maritime is the fish that consists of traditional fish and also modern fish

Then the energy of the ocean consisting of wave energy, tidal, sea current and also sea heat as well as day-to-day tourism, such as swimming, fishing, diving, snorkeling and also photography underwater We can see that 12.55 million hectares is the potential of the sea

Then we can also see that 6.5 million tons per year of sea-caught fish resource potential 2.96 million hectares of Payao agricultural fish potential 8,500 species of fish which is 37% of the fish species in the world

There are 555 species of sea grass and 950 species of taro biota So Indonesia has a variety and also rich natural resources for maritime That was the summary for the IPS class 8 lesson chapter 1, part 1 See you in another video, Wassalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh