Geografi Kelas 12 | Konsep Wilayah dan Tata Ruang | Kurikulum Merdeka

Hi everybody. [music] In

this learning video, we will dissect

in depth the concept of regions

and spatial planning. Make sure you watch this video

until the end so that there is no misunderstanding

[music] about how to manage

our living space in the future.

[music] A

region is a part of the earth's surface

which in certain respects can be

[music] distinguished from other parts

around it. For example, rural areas are

different from urban areas.

There are [music] of various regional concepts.

This happens because there are

differences in problems or

goals for regional development. A

homogeneous region is [music] a place

where the population in an area has

distinctive characteristics [music]

based on natural criteria such as

physical characteristics. For example, the music of

Central Kalimantan and

South Kalimantan are homogeneous regions.

[music] A

functional region is a region that

[music] emphasizes the relationship between

components or locations characterized by

several economic activities. For example, the

metropolitan area consists of

big cities [music] in Jabo Detabek, namely

Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang,

[music]

and Bekasi. A

vernacular region is a

perceptual region whose [music] has a

unique identity because of people's perceptions

of that region. For example,

Bogor, the city of rain, [music] Pekalongan the

city of batik, and Banda Aceh the city of the veranda of

Mecca.

Regionalization or regionalization [of music]

is an effort to divide the

earth's surface into

territorial units within a certain scope and purpose

.

One example of regionalization

in the world [of music]

is the ASEAN region which consists of

countries in Southeast Asia. Spatial

[musical] arrangement is a manifestation of

spatial structure and spatial pattern. The concept of space

in geography is always related to the

earth's surface. In the picture [music]

you can see the crater of Mount Tambora which is

6 km in diameter and 1100 m deep [music]

[music]

The meaning of development is a

process, method, or action that

[music] is related to change.

National development is an effort

carried out by all components of

the nation in order to achieve

common goals.

[music] One of the theories underlying

the need for region-based development

is location theory.

Location theory was formed because the location and

distribution of resources is influenced by

unique geographical positions. The

regional development concepts

are, firstly, the concept of

regional [music] development based on resource character

, secondly, the concept of regional development

based on spatial planning. Third, [music]

the concept of integrated regional development which

emphasizes cooperation between sectors to

improve [music]

community welfare. And fourth, the concept of

regional development based on [music]

clusters. The

determining factors for regional development are

topographic factors, climatological factors,

hydrographic factors, biological resource factors

, demographic factors or

human [musical] resources.

Three main aspects of regional development,

namely the first lies in the fact that

production factors are

locational. Second, [music] every

business activity tends to

centralize economic activities

spatially in certain locations. And finally, it

becomes a tool to socialize and

[music] develop the level of awareness of

various parties about the need to

preserve the environment. [music]

The carrying capacity of agricultural land [music]

is the ability of land to

produce food crops so that humans

can live decently. [Music] settlements

are part of the living environment

outside protected areas, whether in the form of

urban or rural areas that

function as places of residence. The

carrying capacity of the protective function is the

[music] ability of

an area with various

land use activities in that [music] area

to maintain the balance of the

ecosystem in an area. The

economic carrying capacity of a region

is the economic capacity of a

region. in supporting the consumption of

residents in the [music] region.

Ecological carrying capacity is the

maximum level of utilization of a

resource or ecosystem that can be

accommodated by an area before a

decline in ecological quality occurs

.

The development of the Republic of Indonesia [music] is

necessary to realize the

national ideals as

stated [music] in the preamble to the

Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.

1945.

[music] Six development regions in

Indonesia. First, the development of the

Sumatra Island region. [music] Second,

development of the Java and Bali regions.

Third, development of the Kalimantan Island region

. [music] Fourth, development of the

Sulawesi Island region. Fifth,

development of the Nusa Tenggara Islands. And

sixth [music], development of the

Maluku Islands region.

The goals of sustainable development [music]

include ensuring sustainable consumption and

production patterns and

the provision of clean water and adequate sanitation

for all.

[music] Regional growth is closely

related to regional growth.

Regional growth can be defined

[music] as the rate of economic growth of

a region over a certain period of time

. There are five theories of

regional growth. First, the natural resource base theory

. [music] Second, the export base theory

. Third, neoclassical growth theory

. Fourth, [music] theory of

imbalance. And fifth, a

new theory of regional growth.

[music]

Geographical conditions such as topography,

humidity, [music] temperature, and

climate have always been

important factors that shape the economy of a

region, especially before

industrialization. The

[music] workforce is one of the

main sources of economic growth.

Each region has a different number and

quality of workforce.

Capital is any

long-lasting production resource that

can be used as subsequent productive input

. Physical capital is a factor of

production [of music] which includes buildings,

machines, equipment and computers.

Human capital is defined as a

person's skills, [music] talents, and productive knowledge.

Infrastructure refers to

physical investments that include, among other things,

transportation, communication and electricity facilities and infrastructure.

Technology refers to the application of fundamental scientific [music]

to practical arts

that results in industrial

[music] and commercial products that are more

valuable to society.

[music]

The initial growth of a region is greatly

influenced by geographical conditions and

natural resources which [music] then

make a difference in the speed of

regional growth.

Four [musical] characteristics of

growth centers. First, there is an attraction

between various economic activities that

encourage each other. Second, [music]

has a multiplier element created by

interrelated sectors.

Third, there is a

geographical concentration of various sectors or

facilities which leads to

cost efficiencies. And fourth, [music]

encourages the growth of the area behind it

to be able to develop itself.

Four [musical] growth center influences

. first to be a center of

natural resources and human [musical] resources

. Second, coordinating the

resources scattered around [music]

. Third, to be the core of

developing existing resources in the

surrounding area. And fourth, [music]

increases the per capita income of

residents in the surrounding area.

Three, [music] hierarchy of

growth centers. First, the primary growth center

or main center. second,

secondary growth centers and third,

tertiary growth centers. [music]

The national spatial planning plan

includes the national spatial structure plan

and the national spatial pattern plan

.

[music]

The provincial spatial planning plan

is a general spatial planning plan

for the provincial [music] region which

is an elaboration of the RTR RWN and

which contains the objectives, policies and

strategies for spatial planning for the

provincial region.

[music] The

district spatial planning plan

is a general spatial planning plan

[music] of the district area which

contains the objectives, policies,

spatial planning strategies for the district area, and the

district spatial structure plan.

[music] The

city spatial planning plan is a

general spatial planning plan

[music] of the city area which is

a description of the provincial RT RW and which

contains the objectives, [music] policies and

strategies for spatial planning of the city area.

Five, problems in the implementation of

regional spatial planning. financing problems and

experts knowing their expertise, problems with

limited databases, problems with

conflicts of interest, economic problems,

socio-cultural problems. That is

our discussion regarding [music] the concept of territory and

spatial planning. Hopefully the explanation above is

useful and increases your insight.

Write your [music] opinion in the

comments column, okay? Don't forget to subscribe so you

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See you [music] in the next geography material

. Thank you and happy

learning.