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Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. Meet again with me in the chemistry lesson. This time we will discuss class 10 material, which is about metal binding. Before learning, don't forget we have to say Bismillahirrahmanirrahim to get an easy way to understand this metal binding material.

Let's remember again, the chemical bonds. The first, ion bonds, are between the logam atom and the non-logam atom. An example of ion bonds is NaCl. Na is logam, Cl is non-logam.

Kalium bromide, KBr, K is logam, Br is non-logam. MgCl2, Mg is logam, Cl is non-logam. This is called ion bond.

Next is covalent bonds. Covalent bonds are made up of non-logam atoms and non-logam atoms. So both are non-logam.

For example, CH4 is called methane, C is non-logan, H is also non-logan. Then CO2 is carbon dioxide, C is non-logan, O is also non-logan. H2O is water, H is non-logan, O is also non-logan.

That is called Covalent Tied

The next one we will discuss is the metal bond. This metal bond occurs between metal atoms and metal atoms. So both are classified as metal atoms. For example, here is Na, a metal atom, bound with Na. So both are metals, sodium.

Then iron and iron, both are local. And both Mg and Mg are also local atoms. This is what we will discuss further in this video.

Let's start discussing about metal bonds. Metal bonds are formed bonds due to the attraction between the positive content of the metal ions and the negative content of the electrons that move separately.

Tied bonds occur if a large number of atoms divide electrons.

The simple picture is like this. The example of a log is a sodium that has the number of atoms or the number of electrons is 11. If we subtract the electron configuration, K is 2, then L is 8 electrons, M is 1. Remember the lesson of electron configuration.

This atom is very easy to release the outer electron or valence electron, forming Na+. Remember, if you release the electron, it turns into a positive ion.

We can draw it like this, Na+ is placed close to the ion, and the electron released by Na, one electron, is placed not far from the ion plus. We can draw it with the dot above it. Likewise, the electron released is one electron. It turns out that electrons have negative concentration.

doing a pull-pull pattern with Na ions next to it. So this can do a pull-pull pattern with Na ions next to it. The same goes for this electron and so on. Because between positive and negative forces, there will be a continuous pull-pull pattern.

Then the electron is not silent, but moving, so it moves freely. Moving will cause negative compounds around this Na+ ion.

This moving electron and causes negative content around the positive ion, this is called electron ocean. The continuous attraction pattern between electrons and positive ions around it, this is what causes the formation of interlocal bonds.

Let's start discussing the theory of electron ocean. This theory was proposed by the chemists, namely Drude, in 1902. And then it was completed by other chemists, namely Lorenz, in 1916. So this theory is sometimes also called Drude-Lorenz theory. And there are also those who call it the free electron theory.

According to this theory, the electron valence of metal is free-moving, as in the picture, there is Na, then around it there is an electron, the electron is free-moving and fills empty spaces between positive-containing metal cations.

If we draw it again, it can be like this, there is a positive-containing cation, then around it is an electron that moves freely. This electron comes from the valence electron released by the atoms of the metal atom. So the atom turns into a positive ion, but surrounded by a negative-containing electron.

The theory of electron fusion can explain why the first legal property is the first is the fusion

The word "lentur" means it is not easy to break, and then it is easy to form according to our desire. The easiest example is for example in a clip or in a painting. This is easy for us to form, can be extended, then can be restored to the original form. That is the nature of the metal. Why is that? When we lenturkan or we temper,

The moving ions are only the positive ions, but not until they are broken because they are constantly surrounded by electrons or particles that are negative. So the metal is not easily broken because the positive ions are always surrounded by particles that are negative.

We can see the second characteristic of metal, which is it can emit light. If there is a metal, we are exposed to light, then it will be visible, it will shine or emit light. This can be explained as follows, for example, this is the surface of a metal, then exposed to light, then some electrons, we draw electrons, this is

the positive is proton and neutron, while the skin is electron. When it is exposed to light, the electron moves to the outer skin. So, for example, this one moves to the outer skin, absorbs energy. Then, this electron will return to

When the skin is restored, it will radiate energy. The energy that is radiated is the energy that we see as the light that is reflected. That is why metals are able to reflect light.

The third type of metal is easy to send electricity or called conductor.

This can be described as follows: if the surface of the metal is given electric current, then the electrons that spread evenly will flow the electricity to a lower potential difference. Therefore, the electricity can flow quickly on the metal. This is what causes the metal to have a good electric conductor.

The fourth characteristic of iron is as a good heat exchanger. Heat exchanger. Now, this can be proven if we are cooking using a ladle or spoon, then the spoon made of iron will quickly feel hot, so to hold it we need to coat it with cloth.

It can be explained by the theory of electron waves as follows. For example, this is the surface of a log. If the heat is given from the left end, then the energy will be quickly brought evenly by the electrons that move freely in the log.

So if heated from the left side, it will quickly feel hot also at the right side. That's because of the free and fast electron movement inside the atom.

That's all our discussion about metal binding. For your evaluation, there are two exercises that you can do. First, you are asked to explain in short why metal can emit electricity and heat well. Explained by electron fusion theory.

The second is also explained by the theory of ocean and electron, why is metal round, easy to place and easy to form according to our wishes.

Alhamdulillah, our material discussion this time about metal binding is finished, we discussed. If you need more chemical training questions, you can visit the chemical blog. Hopefully made easy blogspot.com. Hopefully useful. Wassalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh.