المشكلة العلمية والاشكالية الفلسفية .الشعب العلمية واللغات . ( الدرس الاول بكالوريا 2021 )

In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful, and peace and blessings be upon the most honorable of the messengers. Welcome, dear students, to my YouTube channel, the channel of Mr. Philosophy, Hamdash Abdul Haqq. Dear students, I always wish you success in your bachelor's degree to make your parents and mothers happy, and to build your future as well.

Among the series of philosophy lessons that I present to you today, God willing, we have a very important lesson It is the first lesson in the program for the scientific and language peoples I said the scientific and language peoples, meaning the people of experimental science, mathematics, economic and technical mathematics, and the people of foreign languages So our lesson today is the first in the program, as I said

is the course of the scientific problem and the philosophical problem. So, dear students,

In this lesson, we must know some concepts and definitions to build our articles. You will ask me what I will do? We will see the definitions in the lesson, then we will see the philosophies, and then the difference between the scientific problem and the philosophical problem. Dear students, I always warn you

The first important thing in philosophy is to be able to get a good mark in the baccalaureate. We must understand the lesson first. It is necessary for the students to understand the lesson.

Why do they understand the lesson? So that they can build the article of the study Meaning they understand the lesson and the methodology Meaning the way of writing the article They understand the lesson and the methodology Then they can write an article as they want And by God's will, they will get a good mark in philosophy So we return to

So, our lesson today is the lesson of the scientific problem and the philosophical problem Before we start this lesson, we must first define this person This person is a creature that is distinguished by what? It is a creature that is distinguished by the mind, distinguished by awareness Because as long as this person is an conscious being, that is, a mind-bearing creature, which has a mind One of the most important features of a person

This person who has a mind always looking for knowledge. As long as he is looking for knowledge, he is a curious creature. He is always searching continuously. This person is looking for knowledge.

These human knowledge are divided into several parts, meaning there are several fields, including what is scientific, meaning a scientific problem, and what is philosophical, meaning a philosophical problem.

I said what is scientific and what is philosophical. So, as a start, we must know that man is a being who asks, a being who seeks knowledge in all areas of life. And among the areas of life, we find the scientific field, that is, the specialty of science, as well as the specialty of philosophy.

So, as I said at the beginning, we must know the main concepts of this lesson The first thing we must know is the question What is the question? When we say the question, ask the people of the memory if you do not know it It means that when a person asks, he is looking for a certain information So, when we first know the question, we say that it is a call

or the question is also a request for knowledge as well as the question in general is a request, I ask for something specific

The question is a request and an inquiry. When I ask, I am looking for knowledge. A call for knowledge, a response to knowledge. It is also a request for knowledge and knowledge. This is for the question. Who asks? The person who asks. Good. Also,

First, we know the meaning of the question, we must know the definition of the problem. For example, a person is facing a certain problem, meaning that this person is facing an obscure, mysterious matter. Meaning that we can solve this problem. So, what does the problem mean? It is the mysterious, mysterious matter.

Through this problem, we can reach a certain solution. In your knowledge, the problem is related to the matters of science. For example, a scientific problem, such as what water consists of, what is the temperature. This is a scientific problem that we can reach a certain solution.

I said that the problem is the mysterious thing that can lead to a solution. Also, dear student, you must change the problem.

When we say problem, the first thing is a set of problems. It means that there is a kind of difficulty. So when we say problem, we say the question.

means more complicated than the problem. It is the most complicated issue than the problem. Also, the problem is the issue that is caused by the results of doubts.

Dear student, when we say that the problem is the issue, I said that the issue is more difficult than the problem, meaning that it has a kind of complexity. The issue that causes doubts is that the results of the problem or the results that we reach in the problem are multiple, there are doubts in it, meaning that we do not reach a precise solution in it. Why?

For example, the difference between opinions and philosophical theories For example, when we deal with the issue of freedom or the issue of morals for all opinions, there is a difference in opinions that are not accurately correct So this is for the problem, and the problem is specialized in philosophy There is a big philosophical problem such as the problem of morality, politics, and the problem of human destiny, for example

This is the problem, dear student, we must know another important thing, which is science. What is science in this life? When we define science, we say that it is studying the felt phenomena in an attempt to discover

about it. An attempt to discover phenomena and an attempt to discover the relationships that bind these natural phenomena. I mean, natural phenomena such as earthquakes, hurricanes, etc. So, science is the study of the phenomena that are felt to try to discover them and to try to discover the laws that bind them. By what? By what do we study these phenomena? By

on the experimental method

Dear student, when we say the experimental method, what does it mean? It is a method in which natural phenomena are studied. A method in which natural phenomena are studied. This experimental method is used in science and it is based on main steps. The first is observation, meaning that the scientist watches through his senses or through his eyes. When we define observation, it is the emotional observation of natural phenomena. This is for observation.

This observation can be normal or scientific. It is a first step in the way of observing the observation. Second, hypothesis. The hypothesis is a pre-thought idea in the mind. A number of possibilities. The hypothesis is a number of possibilities. It can be right or wrong. And then the experiment.

is the last step in this experimental approach through which the verification of the validity of the hypothesis is carried out. After that, the constitution is formed, after the production, that is, the law is the last step in this experimental approach.

Dear student, this is for science. We should also know the concept of philosophy in this lesson. Philosophy in its original definition is a Greek word divided into two parts. Philo

Sophia means love, and philosophy means wisdom. This philosophy is a unique method of thinking. It means that man corrects his thoughts and raises his mind and creativity through this philosophy.

Aristotle defines it as studying the existence of what is present. As Edmond de Husserl, the German philosopher, defines it, he says that philosophy answers questions that science cannot answer. This is for philosophy. Write down, dear students, this definition because we need it in the article.

because I said we need it in the article now what did we know? the first main concepts in this class are the question, problem, problem, science and philosophy after we know the philosophy we must know the philosophies dear student

When I say the aspects of philosophy or philosophy, what does philosophy mean? It is the action of philosophy, that is, this person philosophizes through his mind. Now, what are the aspects of philosophy?

The first is the drive which leads the philosopher to philosophize. We have first the surprise, then the doubt, the questioning, and the criticism. So all these are drives that lead us to philosophy. The first drive is the surprise.

means the person is surprised or confused about a certain thing. Here is the surprise. This surprise is recognized by Aristotle as the first source of philosophy. I mean, when a person is confused about something or when he does not accept this question or when he does not accept a certain answer, he is

This surprise pushes him to the knowledge, to seek this truth or knowledge. So I write with me, dear students, this definition that I say. So I said, the surprise is the first source of philosophy. Secondly, the doubt.

means when we say doubt is a supporter of philosophy, doubt pushes me to philosophy means when a person doubts, he thinks, he uses thinking. A person in this life doubts some things, this doubt pushes him to philosophy, to research, and it was

Descartes called it the method of doubt, meaning that Descartes built his method through doubt doubt in all the special knowledge that comes from the mind or senses and then built his knowledge So dear student, you must know that doubt or confusion is a driving force for philosophy, it drives us, doubt drives me to research and philosophy Good, we completed the doubt, likewise

There is another thing or another motivation is questioning. I mean, the question as we first knew it is very important for philosophy. I mean, philosophy cares about questions more than answers. It cares about questions more than answers. I mean, it poses questions. As long as man has a mind, as I said first, man has a mind, he is always questioning, always thinking. This question is what drives him to research, always, dear student.

Third, questioning. There is another factor, criticism. A person with his character is always criticized. A person tries to change through criticism. This criticism can be a negative criticism.

and it can be a valid criticism. So, dear student, these are the philosophies. Write them down with me as I said. You have the surprise, the doubt, the questioning, and the criticism. So, we will read in this lesson what we should know. We should know how to write the article or what is the question that is asked of us in this lesson. The question that is asked of us in this lesson

and I have said it several times in Baccalaureate, is the difference between the scientific problem and the philosophical problem. The difference between the scientific problem and the philosophical problem, or what is the nature of the relationship, or what distinguishes between the scientific problem and the philosophical problem. Dear student, to answer this question, we must know the comparison methodology, which is explained by the

in my channel on YouTube here in the previous videos You must know the comparison methodology We have a presentation, a presentation, and a conclusion What is the presentation? It has the differences between the philosophical and the philosophical problem Then we have the similarities and the interference Then comes the conclusion Focus with me, dear students The first thing we will do is the differences between who and who

The differences between the scientific problem and the philosophical problem Follow me We will start with the differences What are the differences? First, we have here the scientific problem Here we have the philosophical problem

The philosophical. This means the differences between the scientific problem and the philosophical problem. Dear students, there are many differences between the scientific problem and the philosophical problem. The first is in terms of the

The problem of the scientific definition is that it is the mysterious, entangled, delusional things that deal with scientific issues. As for the philosophical problem, it is the problem of the scientific definition.

Which deals with philosophical issues First, we said that problem-solving is the issue that results in doubts So, dear student, the first difference between the scientific problem and the philosophical problem is in terms of the definition Follow me, let's leave that difference We add another very important difference, which is in terms of the subject

I mean, the scientific problem is different from the philosophical problem in terms of the subject, the subject of study I mean, science studies a specific subject and philosophy studies a specific subject, follow me So, when we say the subject of the scientific problem, what is the subject of the scientific problem? We say that the subject of the scientific problem is the natural, sensual phenomena

or what is called physics in science When we say the natural phenomena that means that science studies phenomena in nature earthquakes volcanoes earth rotation around the sun thermal oscillation the movement of planets all of them are things studied by science or science studies them well we know the subject of science or the scientific problem that the natural phenomena

Now let's go to the philosophical problem The philosophical problem is about the physical and metaphysical existence Or this philosophy is studied as a whole metaphysics What is metaphysics? It means what is behind

This is a difference in the subject. Follow me for a minute.

Dear students, when we write articles, we must expand and explain the real examples. How can we compare the different aspects?

We start with the difference between the scientific problem and the philosophical problem in several subjects. The first is in terms of education. So, the explanation of the scientific problem is explained, but the explanation of the philosophical problem is explained more. This is the problem that is related to the philosophical issues.

Also, they differ in the subject, the subject of the scientific problem is the study of the natural phenomenon or what is called physics and we explain the real examples

As for the philosophical problem, its subject is the material and metaphysical existence, meaning what is behind the things that are not seen with the naked eye. This is a second difference. They also differ in terms of the methodology. The methodology of the scientific problem is different

The problem-solving method is a philosophical one. The scientific problem-solving method is called the experimental method. The experimental method, which was discovered by Francis Bacon in the 17th century. The experimental method is based on observation. Observation is the sensory observation of natural phenomena. And we have the hypothesis, a set of assumptions or possibilities.

and then the production, which means we produce the law of science. Follow me, so this experimental method is a method in which scientific phenomena are studied.

I said that you study scientific phenomena based on observation, hypothesis, and experiment When I say observation, I said that it is the sensory observation of the natural phenomenon This observation may be ordinary, meaning that the ordinary person is specialized in it through senses And it may be scientific, meaning that the person is specialized in it by the scientist

The hypothesis is a set of possibilities, it is a pre-existing idea in the mind, that is, it precedes the experiment, and the experiment is the last step in the experimental methodology. Notice with me, dear students, these scholars of all their types,

They discovered certain symptoms of chronic diseases, how did they discover them? They discovered them through the experimental method based on observation, hypothesis and experiment. For example, Newton, how did he discover the attraction? He discovered it through the experimental method.

He noticed the fall of the apple and made several assumptions, then he experimented and then he used a scientific law, which is the law of gravity. How did Louis Pasteur discover bacteria? How did he discover the anti-smokers? He discovered them through the experiment method, meaning he noticed

and then try it. This is the approach to the scientific problem. As for the philosophy approach, it is called, follow me, it is called the rational thinking approach. We say rational thinking. This rational thinking approach is based on what? What are its characteristics? Analysis, composition, criticism,

I mean, man in philosophy analyzes, assembles, and criticizes. Doubt as well. Explanation. I mean, all of them are features in the mind that we use in philosophy. So, philosophy, its methodology is a rational method of contemplation through the contemplation of the mind. That's it. This is another difference in terms of the methodology. Dear students, we will add another difference. We will turn this.

So, I said there is another difference, a difference from my point of view, the specialty. The specialty. The specialty. I mean, they differ in the specialty. That is, science or the scientific problem studies the part. I mean, it studies the parts of the appearance, then it examines the judgment. It studies the parts in the appearance, then it examines the judgment. Like reading, for example, the transition from the whole judgment

and moving from partial to total For example, we say that iron is a metal that expands with heat copper is also a metal that expands with heat and silver is a metal that expands with heat Then we go to a whole law and say that all metals expand with heat, meaning that we start from parts to the whole Parts, its specification is parts As for philosophy, its specification is the whole, meaning

This philosophy is comprehensive For example, when we study the destiny of man These studies are comprehensive For example, when we study freedom The study of freedom is a comprehensive and complete study This is the difference in terms of specialization I mean, they differ in terms of specialization Specialization of the blind problem and the body As for the specialization of the philosophical problem, it is the whole Good, there is another difference in terms of the goal

The goal, forget about the students, when we say the goal of science, what is the goal of science? It is clear that the goal of science is to reach, where did you write it? I did not find it, sorry, to reach the law of science, the law of science, that is, scientists reach scientific laws. Good, what is the goal of philosophy? It is to search for reasons

Philosophy is looking for the first reasons for existence. Good. There is another difference as well, in terms of results. How are the results in science? They are accurate. As for the results in philosophy, they are relative. They are variable.

Good students, follow me So, the results in science are accurate, why do you think so? Because the scientist depends on a specific methodology, on the experimental methodology, and the scientist is objective When we say objective, it is to study the phenomenon as it is, to study the subject as it is in reality, meaning that the scientist uses the objective or is objective

Good, this is for the results in the field of science, but the results in the field of philosophy will be relative and variable When we say variable, it means that it is variable from one person to another, from one person to another, from one philosopher to another

The results in philosophy are relative results, changing, differing from person to person, in view of the difference in opinions and theories, and in view of the fact that philosophers or thinkers use the self, meaning that they are sometimes self-centered. Self-centered. Dear student, in your articles, when you write the faces of the difference, you compare one side with another. We had started

The comparison is also different in terms of the specialty, because the specialty of science is partial

As for the philosophical problem, it is the whole, that is, the study of the phenomena is a comprehensive study, the study of the existing is a comprehensive study. Also, to be able to explain philosophy, you must explain the real examples and you must explain them. Also, the two differ in terms of the goal, the scientific goal is to reach the scientific law, such as the discoveries made by the scholars Claude Bernard, Louis Pasteur, and others.

As for the goal of philosophical problem is to find the first reasons for existence, why freedom was found, why politics was found, what is this politics? Excellent! They also differ in the results, exactly

in science and the results in the philosophical problem relative and alternated by the theory of theory and theories Excellent! Dear students, we completed the faces of the difference Go to the other very important thing, which is the faces of similarity We make them in a short and easy way We completed the faces of the difference Go to the faces of the contrast So

As we have seen before, there are many differences between the scientific problem and the philosophical problem. This does not prevent the existence of many similarities. In what the scientific problem and the philosophical problem are similar. First of all, the scientific problem and the philosophical problem

Both of them pose a question of understanding. For example, the scientific problem poses a problem of what is the heat flux from which water is formed. As for the philosophical problem, for example, what is freedom? Is man free or not? Both of them form a question of understanding. This is one.

in what are similar to the scientific problem and the philosophical problem both of them push the scientific problem and the philosophical problem push the person to research and think and also to search for the truth in all its fields to search for knowledge means that they are manipulating the mind of the person and they lift him from his mind and his thinking and they also lift him from his creativity as well

What do you think are the similarities between the philosophical and the scientific problems? Both of them need effort, meaning that man needs to make an effort. For example, Francis Bacon

When he discovered the experimental method, he remained for 12 years with the research and then discovered the experimental method Thomas Edison, the discoverer of the lamp, paid for many experiments and many failures He put a lot of effort into this discovery of the lamp

There is also another similar aspect between the two scientific problems, which are both subject and specific methodology. The subject of philosophy is metaphysics, and the subject of science is the sensory senses.

As well as that all of the philosophical problems and problems have results, that is, we reach certain results in them, whether in science or philosophy. This is for the similarities. Also, record it with me, dear students, and try to expand it. We must know its faces.

"Tadakhl" means here we are adding the relation between science and philosophy What is the relation between science and philosophy? The relation between them is the relation of "Takaml"

My job, which means that all of them have a job serving others, a complete job, a job that cannot be used by a person to get rid of science or philosophy. So there is a relationship of completion. For example, philosophy criticizes the results of science, it criticizes the results of science, it interprets it and tries to assemble it and also tries to analyze it.

Also, science gives philosophy what it gives? It gives it the theories and theories So, we must always focus on the relationship of the whole job between science and philosophy Dear students, at the end of the lesson, we must conclude that the conclusion is the difference as a result

as a conclusion, what do we conclude? we conclude what is the difference between the scientific problem and the philosophical problem what is the difference? first we saw that there is a clear difference we can't say there is no difference there is a difference in terms of the topic, the methodology, the goal and the specialty but internally the gap between science and philosophy or between the scientific problem and the philosophical problem is a relationship of full-time work all of them need

So, as a conclusion to this lesson, we say that the scientific problem and the philosophical problem are different in the subject and the methodology.

"except that they are necessary in their existence for the knowledge system" Meaning that man needs philosophy and knowledge to increase his knowledge and his truth. "As well as that he cannot be deprived of any of them"

We cannot forget the type of science and philosophy So we must also focus here on the comprehensive relationship between the scientific problem and the philosophical problem Dear students

We reached the end, focus with me that we must understand the lesson and write the article and expand it We understand the lesson, we know the methodology, for example, we have a methodology for you in the comparison method Read it again in the previous videos, and then try to focus on what you can do

All of you will be successful in your baccalaureate. We have reached the end of the video. I wish you good luck in your baccalaureate. I also hope you share this video to benefit everyone. May Allah bless you. Peace be upon you.