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Have you ever wondered what is the main reason why Westerners have to go sailing all over the world? Even have to risk their own lives to cross the known and famous Ganas and known to be full of sea turtles? One of the reasons is because in the 13th century, the world map was not yet like it is today. There are so many areas that are still hidden.

The route connecting Europe and Asia is still dominated by the land route, which will later have to pass through the Middle East region. This of course makes the cities that pass through the route rich and prosperous. But all this changed when the Turkish Sultanate rose, and slowly but surely, they managed to control one by one in Asia Minor and the Balkans.

Even Constantinople, the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire, was eventually taken over by the Turkish Sultanate. After the change of Constantinople to Istanbul and the establishment of trade routes in Asia Minor, the Turkish Sultanate also introduced a new tax system, especially for communities from Asia.

This makes Turkey very rich and enables them to compete with the European countries while offering lower tax rates for European countries that are inclined to the interests of Turkey's geopolitical sultanate. Few can understand that this tax policy does lead Turkey to its success

But in the long run, Turkey has to lose compared to European nations, which because of the price is too expensive, finally determined to find another route to Asia through the sea. Therefore, it is not surprising that new European travelers appear who are brave to take the risk of finding the nearest route to Asia through the sea.

Not to forget, the most of the tourists from the Spanish and Portuguese region, also took on their own special missions, which are known as 3G, Gold, Glory, and Gospel. The sailors set off for similar purposes, namely, first to find a route to Asia, and retire in wealth. What about the journey? Will these sailors make their dreams come true?

Before finding the sea route to Asia, there was only one way for the European people to trade with the Asian people, namely through the land route known as the "Sutra Route". As a result, the cities that were passed through the economic activities of Europe-Asia became very rich. However, there is no city that is richer and more prosperous than the city of Constantinople, which is now known as Istanbul.

Constantinople has long been the capital of the Eastern Hemisphere. This city is very important and has an influence on European history. It can even be said to be a port used by European traders to start their journey to the East Asia to find communities that are very needed by the European people, such as spices.

Constantinople, led by Constantine XI, was succeeded by the Turkish Sultanate of Ucmani under Sultan Mehmed II, aware of how rich and important the route of the sutra is. Turkish rulers made high taxes for European traders who wanted to acquire made-in-Asia communities. This made it difficult to access the route of sutra, making the Asian community a rare item and its price very expensive.

On the other hand, Turkey uses the profits of trade and taxes to build its country in various fields. Turkey is also one of the most tolerant countries in that era compared to other European countries. This fact makes many talented people want to go and work in Turkey because the pay offered is very high. Yes, Turkish people have a lot of money,

Responding to this, European countries were divided into two. Some were against Turkey while seeking its benefits, some also decided to fight Turkey, as was done by the Genoese and Venetian republics. However, there are also countries such as Spain and Portugal, which in addition to fighting Turkey, also sent their sailors to go on a cruise to find other routes to Asia.

Unlike today, for people who are currently going to land in one direction, it is a very brave decision. Why is that? Because the majority of Europeans still believe that the earth is flat. And if you land in one direction, aren't you afraid that at one point the ship will fall into an unfounded cliff that will take its crew to hell? Fortunately, at that time, the astronomical revolution was happening.

Characters like Copernicus, Galileo Galilei, and others popularized a concept that the earth is round and the sun that surrounds the earth is not the opposite. So, if today some still believe that the earth is flat, it means Doi is defeated by these two characters.

These revolutionaries are the most brave people to offer themselves to the ruler to lead an expedition that has the potential to bring great benefits for their sponsors. Their relationship resembles the leaders of the start-up in the old days and their investors, the travelers, are required to produce very high growth as a replacement for the investment given by their sponsors.

This is a competition between European countries. The disruptors began to feel if the sea offers a voyage and an opportunity to get rich. Moreover, at that time, European countries were struggling to find routes to Asia or new areas for them to control. Expensive seafood also forced Spanish rulers to pay the sailors to sail the sea looking for the origin of Asian seafood.

No wonder, if in the next day, between European countries, Spain and Portugal become the leading country in sending its explorers to find the origin of the waste. Then, why can both of them be in the center? There are several reasons. But clearly, it's because both of them master the ability to navigate and have very advanced sea ​​sailors compared to other European countries.

The problem is that this progress caused the two of them to be very hot, even the Catholic figures at that time even gave up to appease. The figure is Paus Alexander VI, who issued an order to divide this world into two countries, where Spain got the West and Portugal got the East.

In history, the intervention of the Paus will be official in a treaty that will change the route of the two countries. The official name of the treaty is the Tordesillas Treaty. The effect of the treaty is more felt, the Spanish exploration route tends to the west, while the Portuguese exploration route tends to the east. With the Tordesillas Treaty, more and more sailors are looking for sponsors to support them in the exploration.

The most famous explorer is probably Christopher Columbus. He submitted a proposal to the Spanish rulers with the target of finding the area of ​​spice producers in Asia. Columbus got a sponsor from King Ferdinand II and Queen Isabella I. For that, he was given the title of Admiral of the Ocean Sea and became the commander of three ships in his first expedition on August 3, 1492.

The first ship of the type of cruiser named Santa Maria, which is owned and also led by Juan de la Cosa. This ship is directly under the command of Columbus and is the largest ship in this expedition. While the other two are cruiser-type ships too, but they are smaller in size compared to Santa Maria.

These two ships were led by brother Martin Alonso Pinzon, who led the Pinta ship, and Vicente Yanez Pinzon, who led the Mina ship. On the journey, Columbus had a short rest in the Canary Islands, with the aim of filling various supplies. After that, he decided to continue the journey. Columbus and his crew could be said to have challenged everyone in the expedition. Who can guarantee that the expedition will be successful?

Thankfully, they can come back to life in a journey that seems endless, where far away there is only waves and oceans. You can imagine how stressful the shipwreck is. Even the column itself must be stressed. No wonder, if in their notes, there are mystical creatures that they say they see. In fact, it's no more than an illusion and imagination.

5 weeks in the open sea, on October 11 at 2 am, one of the sailors on the ship said that he saw the silhouette of the land. The land was then named San Salvador, which today is the capital of the Bahamas. They thought they had arrived in India. The Columbus gang welcomed this native tribe with the name Los Indios, but they were a bit disappointed.

How is it possible that Asian countries that are said to be advanced and rich, their outfits are like primitive people? They are said to be rich. Fortunately, at that time, as primitive as the primitive Asian tribes, they had gold and wanted to exchange it for anything given by Columbus. The problem is, when they reached Hispaniola, the main ship of Santa Maria was actually damaged due to the battle of Badai. The ship's commander moved to a ship named Nina,

where on this ship, Columbus and his crew returned to Spain on March 15, 1493. The Spanish success found a whole new world and made the Portuguese kingdom burned to ashes after the first Portuguese conquest, which was carried out by Bartolomeu Dias, was considered a failure. The Portuguese king, John III, commanded Vasco da Gama to go on the front to look for areas for the export of spices. On July 8, 1497,

He led 4 ships carrying 170 ships In his exploration, the De Gama was accompanied by his brother They decided to do their first voyage from the Portuguese capital port, which is the city of Lisboa This expedition group consists of 4 ships The first ship is the Sao Gabriel, which is directly led by Vasco de Gama The weight of this ship reaches about 178 tons

The length is about 27 meters, the width is about 8.5 meters, the hull is 2.3 meters, and the screen is about 372 meters square. The second ship is the Sahara Files. This ship is led by its own captain, Paolo da Gama, and this ship has characteristics that resemble the previous ship, the Sao Gabriel.

The third ship is the Elberio ship, which is slightly smaller than the other ships. And the fourth ship is a storage ship whose name is unknown, led by Goncalo Nunes. This ship was lost near the Sao Bras Bay along the West African coast.

The route of the Vasco da Gama journey follows the route that was previously crossed by Bartolomeu Dias, which is to cross the West Coast of South Africa and stay for a while on Cape Verde Island to continue sailing in the open sea. The difference is that this time the Portuguese pilots feel much more prepared because they have learned from the mistakes of the past.

In November, the weather around South Africa did not support, which caused them to have to camp in Tanjung Harapan until November 22, 1497 Three days later, the Gamma camped in Teluk Mosel. There, they installed a padrao pole as proof that the place was a region found by the Portuguese.

On January 25, 1498, they arrived at the Kuala Limane River, which they called the Rio Dos Bonsinais, which is located in Mozambique. At that time, many ships suffered from the disease of the Cubs, so they were forced to rest for at least a month. On March 2, 1498, this group met and did business with the Arabs.

He knew that the four ships carried by the Arabs carried a lot of gold, diamonds, and spices, only made the desire of the Begama to find the Indian heritage even higher. Besides trading in Mozambique, due to fear of the local residents who rejected the Catholics, he was pretending to be a Muslim when the Begama would continue the campaign, while the Mozambican Sultan sent two leaders to lead the campaign of the Begama group.

The leader of the group found out about the route to Calicut in India. However, one of the leaders immediately decided to leave when he found out that they were currently on a excursion ship that was originally owned by Portuguese Catholics.

After about two months of sailing, the Portuguese group finally managed to reach the Gulf Sea. He docked at the Gulf port on May 20 and immediately caught the Padrao boat as proof that they were the first to reach India. In his first visit to India, Vasco da Gama was not well received. This is proven by the distinction between him and Zamorin, the local ruler in the Gulf.

This happened because the problem of the goods that were given by the Portuguese group was considered not too valuable for the local owners. There, they tried to collect goods that were considered to be in the European market. The Portuguese plan to return, but lack of understanding of the local weather, made them have to sail longer in the Arabian Sea, where they were forced to sail for about three months.

On the way back, many shipwrecks died from the curse disease. The death of the ship made the number of shipwrecked people very limited. Facing this problem, the De Gama took a drastic decision. He ordered the ship of Saul Raphael to be sunk and the wreckage would be divided between the ship of Saul Gabriel and Dario. After that, the wreckage continued the journey. But the two ships had to be separated because of the flood.

This caused the ship Berio to arrive in Portugal on July 18th, while the ship Vasco da Gama had to stay in the island of Terceira. When in Terceira, Vasco da Gama's brother named Paulo fell ill and could not continue the journey. Because of that, da Gama ordered the ship Sao Gabriel to continue the journey to Portugal without him.

The ship Sao Gabriel was reported to Lisbon around early September while the regamma accompanied his brother to his birthplace because Paulo died in the war. Finally, Pasco da Gama arrived in Portugal on September 9, 1499 where he was welcomed by King Manuel I himself and the Portuguese people as a hero. On his achievement,

Vasco da Gama was awarded as Count in the city of Sinai and was awarded Admiral of the Seas of Arabia, Persia, India, and all the Orient for his success in leading the Portuguese fleet to sail the ocean in order to find a route to India. In the end, from all the expressions of Vasco da Gama, which initially had a total of 170 people, when he returned to Portugal, only about 50 people managed to return.

The rest became history for various reasons, from sea and sea to various diseases that were not yet cured. Thus, the short story of two major European explorers who became the scourge of many other European expeditions without the expedition led by the two people who went to explore the rest of the world with courage, the history of the world began to shift and benefit the European nation.

How not? The spirit of questioning and questioning various things certainly makes the European nation more critical and later become a more advanced nation than other nations in the world. All of this starts from courage and the spirit of critical thinking, which is the basis of research, discovery, and the process of creating various new things.

As a cover, I want to ask you this: In your opinion, how big is the impact of the European nation's display on world history? Do you think the European era or the European conquest is the real impact of the fall of Constantinople to the hands of the Turkish Empire? Let's discuss in the comments column. Hi, thank you for watching and learning history with Inspeng History.

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