Sejarah Wajib Kelas 10 : Asal Usul Sejarah

Why is my ex-girlfriend calling again? Maybe she wants to ruin my phone. Don't answer it. Let bygones be bygones. If there's no bygones, we can't be ourselves now. Bygones are important to be a lesson so we don't repeat the same mistake. Ah, enough! Hmm, bygones should be forgotten or learned, right?

Ah, someone's calling again. Who is it? Where is it? Hmm, the password? Ah, my ex! In life, we will never let go of the past. Whatever happens in our lives now, it's all because of what happened in the past. Let's see. Now you're in grade 10.

You can suddenly become a high school student. You must follow the lessons from elementary school, junior high school, and then high school. Well, the past is not only important for your life as an individual, but also important for a nation.

Indonesia is not suddenly independent. The independence of Indonesia is the result of the struggle of the heroes of the nation. We can learn from their struggle to build a better life in the future. So are other historical concerns. There must be important lessons that we can apply in our daily lives. Therefore, we must all learn history, from elementary school to high school.

Well, there are so many interesting historical events to discuss. But to understand it well, first we have to know what history is. What is it? What do you think happened in your mind when you heard the word history? The past? Museum? Candies? Artifacts? Ex-boyfriend? Hahaha, that's right. It's all history. Except for ex-boyfriend.

Later we can find out why Mantan is not considered a history. According to the origin of the word, history comes from the Arabic language "sya-ja-ro-tun" which means tree. The tree that is meant is not a tree like this, but a tree like this. The tree is like the family of a king from a certain dynasty. He is like the history of the king.

Syajarotun is then absorbed into Malay as syajarah. And in Indonesian, we call it se-ja-rah. In English, sejarah is history. History comes from the Greek word historia, which means information or search. But what does sejarah mean?

According to Ibn Khaldun, history is a record of humans and their culture. This includes all the events that happened within it, and also why those events could happen.

Well, according to Indonesian historian Nugroho Noto Susanto, history is a story that involves humans as beings in society and it happens in the past. This also includes the stories about the story that was arranged based on the deaths that were found. Well, there are so many events that happened in the past. What if people in the past couldn't or didn't have time to collect evidence of the events that happened at that time?

Are these events still called historical events? In fact, events in the past were divided into two. Some are called prehistoric, and some are called historical.

All events before humans knew about writing are called prehistoric events. In these times, events are still recorded in oral history or literally. In addition, prehistoric events also include times before humans were on Earth. For example, a meteor that fell to Earth and caused the extinction of dinosaurs 65 million years ago.

As the time goes on, humans started to record the development with letters, symbols, or other signs. Many historians believe that the oldest writing ever made by humans is most likely from the Sumerian civilization.

around 3300 or 3400 BC or around 5300 years ago Sumeria was a great civilization that once prevailed in the Middle East more precisely in the Mesopotamian region At that time, the people had already done a lot of business sales and daily needs because they needed to record exports, income, and their debts, the writing in the form of autographs began to appear

or writing with images and symbols. They carved their notes on the ground using carving tools from piled up wood or bamboo. From the images, their writing system developed into the Paku or Qunei form. This Aksara made the process of writing faster and easier. So, the Sumerians began to use more writing to describe their daily activities.

They depicted the gods they worshiped, the countries around them, the things they used every day, even the animals and plants around them. The writing of Sumerians is the oldest thing ever found, so many historians think that this civilization was founded in our history.

But history itself is not started from Sumeria. Even though there is writing, there is no one who really tells the events that happened at that time in an easy-to-read form. And no one writes a history book like the one you are using now.

History was born from a series of wars between the Persian and ancient Greece. At that time, about 547 BC, the Persian king Cyrus the Great succeeded in conquering the cities in the Ionian region, which were then occupied by the people of Greece.

Because the people didn't want to follow the rule of the Persian Empire, Cyrus showed the tyrant or local prince to help rule the cities in Ionia. But at that time they didn't know that these tyrants would be the source of trouble, both for Persia and Greece.

In 499 BC, Aristagoras, a tyrant from the city of Miletus, set out to conquer the island of Naxos. At that time, Aristagoras and his cronies were supported by the Persian Empire. But Aristagoras failed, and as a result, he was fired from office as the leader of Miletus.

Unable to accept that punishment, Aristagoras instead built a rebellion. He gathered new rebels and intended to revenge the Persian Empire. He also sought support from the Greek government in Athens and Eretria so that the army would be stronger. As a result, Aristagoras managed to conquer Sardis, one of the big cities in Persia at that time.

Seeing one of his cities destroyed, the Persian king at that time, Darius the Great, immediately intended to avenge the Athens government.

And finally, the war between these two great kingdoms broke out. For 50 years, war after war happened. Some were defeated by Persia, and some were defeated by Greece. Until at the point of the two of them getting bored fighting, they finally agreed to peace. 449 BC. Then, why was the war related to the birth of history?

Well, we can know the details of the war because it turns out that there is a note. What makes the note is a historian from Greece named Herodotus. From 430 to 440 BC, Herodotus tried to collect as much information as possible about Persia and Greece. From the information he got, he rewrote it into a reading called Historia.

From this book, the history or history of history was born. Actually, at that time there were many stories written about the events of the Lampau period. But the writings fell more to the stories or the stories of the past. Well, what Herodotus did was different. First, he didn't write a story about the events that were far in the Lampau period that had no evidence at all. Then, he also didn't write a story to satisfy the gods or politicians around him.

Herodotus wrote the story according to the facts on the field and tried to make sure that the story he heard from his friends was true. He wanted the events to be remembered for a long time. Well, thanks to this historical writing, Herodotus was raised to be the father of history. So, history is the past events experienced by humans after we know the writing.

So, what are all the events that happened in the past, including history? The proclamation of Indonesia's independence is history, isn't it? If yesterday when we went to the mall, was it history? Well, the events that we can call history have three main characteristics: unique, important, and eternal. Unique means that it only happens once and it is impossible to repeat.

Penting means to connect the hajat of many human beings. And abadi means to be remembered for a long time. So, the historical event is an event that happened in the past and only happened once, affecting the lives of many humans and will continue to be remembered for a long time. Well, finally we can answer our curiosity earlier. The proclamation of independence is unique, it only happened once.

Then, it's also important because many people are affected. Lastly, it has been remembered for a long time. Until now, we still celebrate the independence of Indonesia every year, right? So, the proclamation of independence is a historical event.

Walking to the mall is not a historical event. First, you can go to the mall anytime. Not just once. So it's not unique. Second, even though walking is important for you, but not many people are affected. Finally, there is a high possibility that only you and your ex will remember the walk. So we can answer, your ex, including history or not?

Let's try to remember the historical characteristics again. Did your story with your ex only happen once? Did your story with your ex continue to be remembered for a long time? Did your story with your ex affect the lives of many people?

Most likely not, right? The events that happened between you and your ex only happened between you two and did not affect the lives of many people. Unless your ex is Adolf Hitler. Okay, friends. In this video, we have learned about what history is. First, we learned that history is a record of events experienced by humans and their civilization.

The historical event is the event that happened after humans knew the writing. And all previous events are called prehistoric events. We also learn about the characteristics of historical events. Historical events are unique, important, and eternal. Lastly, we learn why it is important for us to know our history and the history of the Indonesian people. We learn history so that we can build a better life in the future.

Like George Santayana said, a Spanish philosopher, "Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it." Those who forget the past will be cursed to repeat it. Well, this is just the beginning of our journey to learn history. To truly appreciate the influence of history on our lives, we must truly understand the history of history. To truly understand, we must first know how to think about history.

This is what we will discuss in the next video. See you in the next video. Bye!