KEDATANGAN BANGSA-BANGSA BARAT KE INDONESIA - Materi IPS SMP Kelas 8

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Welcome to the exciting social studies learning channel

here, learning social studies is easy and

comfortable. Now we will discuss material

about the arrival of western nations

to Indonesia.

Indonesia's geographical location has been an

advantage that the Indonesian people have had

since ancient times. Apart from having

fertile land, its strategic location

has made Indonesia a

world trade route.

The various advantages that the

Indonesian people have become one of the driving forces for

foreign nations to come to

Indonesia.

Not only Asian nations, but even

European nations which are thousands of

kilometers from Indonesia.

Now the question arises why

western nations flock

to Indonesia.

What are the riches that encourage the

arrival of western nations to

Indonesia?

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Now let's find out first. What

is the background to the arrival of

western nations to Indonesia?

Try to pay attention to the following picture.

This picture shows one of the

riches that Indonesia has,

namely spices. The

first point of Indonesia's attraction for

western nations is spices.

Western nations really need

spices from Indonesia because the

European region has different

natural conditions from Indonesia.

The climate and seasons in Indonesia are very

supportive of growing and the development of

plants such as spices

while in Europe with its 4 seasons

does not support the growth of

spice plants so that the supply of

spices in Europe is very

limited

spices for Europeans can be

used to preserve food

warm the body in winter

as cooking spices and medicines

tropical countries such as Indonesia are

rich in spices so that

western nations try to

get them the

second point of motivation 3G namely Gold Glory

and Gospel the 3G motto is the

motivation of European nations in

exploring the ocean

then what is meant by Gold Glory

and Gospel

first gold gold means gold which is

identical to wealth this motto

explains that the purpose of

western nations coming to Indonesia is to

seek wealth

second glory glory means glory

this motto explains that the purpose of

western nations coming to Indonesia

is to seek glory

third gospel gospel means spreading

religion

western nations want to

spread or teach

Christianity to the nations of Asia Africa and

South America

third point the occurrence of the Industrial Revolution the

industrial revolution is a complete shift or

change in

producing goods from previously

using human and animal power

to machine power

the use of machines in industry

makes production more efficient

production costs can be reduced and goods

can be produced in

large quantities and In the rapid

development of the industrial revolution,

western nations

needed more raw materials for production.

They also needed

marketing areas to sell their industrial products.

One of the results of the industrial revolution

was the invention of the steam engine. The invention of the

steam engine could be used as a boat propulsion engine,

which was a new technology

at that time.

Boats with steam engines were a

very important invention during the

industrial revolution that encouraged

the exploration of western nations.

Now let's find out the

chronology of the arrival of

western nations to Indonesia.

Try to observe the map of the travel routes of

western nations to Indonesia.

After observing the map, we

know that besides the Dutch,

western nations who had come

to Indonesia during the colonial period were

Portugal, Spain, and England. Let's

find out the chronology.

First, the arrival of the Portuguese in

Maluku. The Portuguese journey to

search for spices began from the city of

Lisbon in Portugal in

1486.

Barcelomeo Diaz made the

first voyage along the west coast of Africa. He

intended to sail to India

but failed.

Then the Portuguese reached Malacca in

1511 under the leadership of Alfonso De

Albert Turkey

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Then the Portuguese established

trade relations with Maluku. Finally, a year

later, in 1512, the Portuguese

succeeded in arriving at Maluku under

the leadership of Antoniode and Francis

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Second British expedition to

strengthen its economic influence England

formed a trading association

called EIC or India Company in which

British businessmen joined even though England arrived in the

Indonesian Archipelago, its influence was not

as much as the Netherlands.

This was because the EIC was pressured

by the Netherlands so England withdrew

to India or South Asia and East Asia.

Third, the arrival of the Dutch to

Jayakarta or what we know today

as Jakarta. A Dutch sailor

named Cornelis de Houtman

led an expedition to Indonesia in

1595. The fleet led by de

Houtman sailed around the southern tip of Africa and

then continued eastward

through the Indian Ocean. The

following year in

1596, de Houtman's fleet arrived at the port of

Banten via the Sunda Strait. The arrival of the

Dutch in Banten was initially

warmly welcomed by the Sultan of Banten and

its people because the Dutch only

aimed to trade, but the

Dutch crew finally showed

their greedy attitude and did not respect the

local people, which is what made

Cornelis de Houtman and all

his crew expelled from Banten

after 2 years, precisely in

1598. The Dutch landed again in Banten

with an expedition led by

jacket van Neck

the arrival of the Dutch to Indonesia for the

second time trying to correct the mistakes

made by the Cornelis

de Houtman expedition this time the Dutch were friendlier

so they were welcomed well and

then they were allowed by the

local people to trade on

this second voyage they managed to get

a lot of spices and

bring them back to the Netherlands

the success of the Dutch on this second voyage

opened up spice trade cooperation

between the Netherlands and

Indonesia which was then followed by

other Dutch expeditions to

Indonesia

with the increasing number of Dutch traders

in Indonesia then competition emerged

between traders both between

European traders and traders

from the Netherlands itself

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finally to prevent unhealthy competition

between traders in

1602 the Dutch established a

trading association called

or better known as the VOC The VOC

was a combination of several

Dutch trading companies

at first the first Governor General of the VOC

namely Peterboff established the

VOC trading center in Ambon Maluku

but then the trading center was moved

to Jayakarta or Jakarta because the VOC

saw that Java was more strategic

as a trade traffic

In addition the Dutch wanted to get rid of

their rivals namely the Portuguese who

ruled in Malacca

then Prince Jayakarta a

ruler of the port city Jayakarta who

served as the representative of the Sultanate of

Banten gave permission to the VOC to

establish a trading office in Jayakarta

in addition to giving permission to the VOC

Prince Jayakarta also gave permission to

establish a trading office to the EIC or

England

this policy made the Dutch

dislike Prince Jayakarta

The Governor General of the VOC at that time,

namely

the ruler of the Sultanate of Banten, dismissed

Prince Jayakarta and at the same time requested

that the permission for the British EIC trading office be

revoked finally on May 31,

1619 the VOC's wish was granted by the Sultan of

Banten

this momentum which then became the

chain of power of the VOC and the Netherlands in the

archipelago in the following period the

VOC enjoyed the freedom and

leniency given by the ruler of

Banten over time Jayakarta was

renamed by the VOC to Batavia Then

to support its activities the VOC

built a fort as a place of

defense for the center of the trading office and

government

[Music] the influence of the VOC in Indonesia became stronger with the possession of special rights or octroi rights granted by the Dutch royal parliament One of the VOC's octroi rights was to monopolize the spice trade this period became the expansion of Dutch power in Indonesia in the subsequent historical journey [Music]

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